Developmental expression and subcellular localization of mouse MATER, an oocyte-specific protein essential for early development
Developmental expression and subcellular localization of mouse MATER, an oocyte-specific protein essential for early development
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DOI：
10.1210/en.2003-1160
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Nelson, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tong, ZB;Gold, L;Nelson, LM
我们之前报道过，Mater 是一种母体效应基因，是小鼠两细胞阶段之后早期胚胎发育所必需的。在这里，我们展示了 Mater 及其蛋白在卵子发生和胚胎发生过程中的表达谱以及其在卵母细胞中的亚细胞定位。 Mater mRNA 最早在 2 型卵泡的卵母细胞中检测到，而 MATER 蛋白最早出现在 3a 型初级卵泡的卵母细胞中。 mRNA 和蛋白质在卵母细胞生长过程中积累。原位杂交显示，除了 5a 型初级卵泡之外，卵母细胞中 Mater mRNA 的丰度逐渐降低。通过核糖核酸酶保护测定，Mater mRNA在生发囊泡卵母细胞中丰富，但在植入前胚胎的所有阶段均检测不到。相比之下，该蛋白质在整个植入前发育过程中持续存在。免疫金电镜分析显示，MATER位于卵母细胞线粒体和核仁中，且靠近核孔。综上所述，我们的数据表明，Mater 基因转录和蛋白质翻译在卵子发生期间活跃，但在早期胚胎发生期间似乎不活跃。因此，Mater 及其蛋白质以母体效应基因的典型方式表达。 MATER 蛋白在线粒体和核仁中的存在表明它可能参与早期发育过程中的细胞质和核事件。
We reported previously that Mater is a maternal effect gene that is required for early embryonic development beyond the two-cell stage in mice. Here we show the expressional profile of Mater and its protein during oogenesis and embryogenesis as well as its subcellular localization in oocytes. Mater mRNA was detectable earliest in oocytes of type 2 follicles, whereas MATER protein appeared earliest in oocytes of type 3a primary follicles. Both mRNA and protein accumulated during oocyte growth. In situ hybridization showed that Mater mRNA appeared progressively less abundant in oocytes beyond type 5a primary follicles. By ribonuclease protection assay, Mater mRNA was abundant in germinal vesicle oocytes, but was undetectable in all stages of preimplantation embryos. In contrast, the protein persisted throughout preimplantation development. Immunogold electron microscopic analysis revealed that MATER was located in oocyte mitochondria and nucleoli, and close to nuclear pores. Taken together, our data indicate that Mater gene transcription and protein translation are active during oogenesis, but appear inactive during early embryogenesis. Thus, Mater and its protein are expressed in a manner typical of maternal effect genes. The presence of MATER protein in mitochondria and nucleoli suggests that it may participate in both cytoplasmic and nuclear events during early development.