Plasma based waste treatment and energy production
Plasma based waste treatment and energy production
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DOI：
10.1088/0741-3335/47/5a/016
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发表时间：
2005-05
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. Tendler;P. Rutberg;G. Van Oost
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tendler;P. Rutberg;G. Van Oost
在过去的几个世纪里，工业过程和能源转换厂对环境质量没有表现出或几乎没有表现出关心。其结果是污染和有害副产品的巨大积累，成为今世后代的遗产。回收副产品或热能不仅是出于节约成本的考虑，也是出于节约资源的考虑。环境意识不仅仅是停留在现有法规的范围内。通过将基于等离子体的系统应用于各种可能的二氧化碳中性原料，从有机物质中同时生产出高热值的清洁合成气，同时从无机物质中产生不可浸出的玻璃化熔岩。该成果将为危险废物、生物质和低品位燃料的环境友好处理提供先进的技术。这项任务背后的推动力是以负担得起的成本优先考虑环境质量。因此，研究如何提高这一过程的效率是非常重要的。基于等离子体的修复系统是防止副产品和最终产品(如合成气或其他气体)中有害污染的唯一技术。要解决的问题有两个：以负担得起的成本从废物和无污染的可再生能源中恢复清洁能源。这种技术实现了可持续发展的目标。今天，限制基于等离子体的方法使用的主要原因之一是电能的成本。等离子火炬的性能是关键因素。因此，详细讨论了现代等离子体炬的物理学。乐观的设想是承诺为欧盟(EU)提供10-15%的能源需求。因此，研究如何提高这一过程的效率是非常重要的。
During the past centuries, industrial processes and energy conversion plants have shown no or little care for environmental quality. The result is a huge accumulation of pollution and hazardous by-products, left as a heritage for the present and future generations. Recuperation of by-products or thermal energy is not only motivated by cost saving, but also by resource saving considerations. Environmental awareness is more than staying within the lines of the existing regulations. By the application of a plasma based system to a wide range of possible feedstocks which are CO2 neutral, a clean syngas of high caloric value is produced from the organic substances simultaneously with a non-leachable vitrified lava from the inorganic substances. The results will provide the advanced technology for the environmentally friendly treatment of hazardous wastes, biomass and low grade fuel. The driving force behind the task is to give priority to environmental quality at affordable costs. Thus, the investigation of ways to increase the efficiency of the process is very important. A plasma based remediation system is the only technology that prevents undesired pollution in the by-products and end product (such as syngas or other gases). The problem to be solved is twofold: recuperate clean energy from waste and renewables without pollution at affordable costs. Such a technique fulfils the objectives of sustainable development. Today, one of the main reasons that restricts the use of plasma based methods is the cost of electrical energy. The crucial element is the plasma torch performance. Hence, the physics of modern plasma torches is addressed in detail. The optimistic scenario holds the promise to provide 10–15% of the energy needs for the European Union (EU). Thus, the investigation of ways to increase the efficiency of the process is very important.