Molecular systematics of New World lampropeltinine snakes (Colubridae): implications for biogeography and evolution of food habits
Molecular systematics of New World lampropeltinine snakes (Colubridae): implications for biogeography and evolution of food habits
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.1999.tb01176.x
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发表时间：
1999-11
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
J. Rodríguez-Robles;José M De Jesús-Escobar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rodríguez-Robles;José M De Jesús-Escobar
摘要我们使用线粒体基因序列来推断北美蛇的colubrid部落Lampropeltini（亚利桑那州，Bogertophis，Cemophora，新世界锦蛇，Lampropeltis，Pituophis，Rhinocheilus，Senticolis，Stilosoma）之间的系统发育关系，并评估了我们的研究结果对这些蛇的食物习惯的地理学和进化的影响。最大似然回归法将吻唇鱼属确定为所有其他灯螺亚科的姊妹类群，并支持灯螺属（包括柄体）、新大陆锦蛇和鼻蛇属的单系性，但不支持Bogertophis。这一亲缘关系也暗示了Cemophora和Lampropeltis之间，以及新大陆锦蛇和Pituophis之间的姐妹群关系，并强烈支持Senticolis属于Lampropeltini，从而反驳了以前的建议，Senticolis不是lampropeltinine。使用的方法近似祖先地区的分支，我们确定，北美西部是最有可能的祖先地区的lampropeltinines。我们对已发表的研究的调查，结合未发表的数据，表明lampropeltinines作为一个群体主要以哺乳动物为食，很少吃蜥蜴，鸟类和鸟蛋，很少吃有鳞蛋，蛇，无尾两栖类和昆虫。有些物种确实以哺乳动物为食，但其他物种最常吃蜥蜴、有鳞蛋、鸟蛋或蛇，而其他物种则以类似的频率捕食两种猎物。我们重建的食物习惯之间的lampropeltinines的进化表明，饮食强调蜥蜴是祖先，因此饮食，主要包括哺乳动物，鳞片和鸟蛋，蛇的分支内派生。至少在某些物种中，较小的个体主要捕食蜥蜴，而较大的个体则以哺乳动物为食。
Abstract We used mitochondrial gene sequences to infer phylogenetic relationships among North American snakes of the colubrid tribe Lampropeltini ( Arizona , Bogertophis , Cemophora , New World Elaphe , Lampropeltis , Pituophis , Rhinocheilus , Senticolis , Stilosoma ), and assessed the implications of our findings for the biogeography and evolution of food habits among these serpents. The maximum likelihood phylogeny identified Rhinocheilus as the sister taxon to all other lampropeltinines, and supported the monophyly of Lampropeltis (including Stilosoma ), New World Elaphe , and Pituophis , but not that of Bogertophis . This phylogeny also suggested a sister group relationship between Cemophora and Lampropeltis , and between New World Elaphe and Pituophis , and strongly supported that Senticolis belongs within Lampropeltini, thus contradicting previous suggestions that Senticolis is not a lampropeltinine. Using a method for approximating ancestral areas of clades, we determined that western North America was most likely the ancestral area of lampropeltinines. Our survey of published studies, combined with unpublished data, indicated that lampropeltinines as a group feed mainly on mammals, less frequently on lizards, birds, and bird eggs, and only rarely on squamate eggs, snakes, anurans, and insects. Some individual species indeed emphasize mammals in their diets, but others most frequently eat lizards, squamate eggs, bird eggs, or snakes, whereas others take two prey types with similar frequency. Our reconstruction of the evolution of food habits among lampropeltinines suggests that a diet emphasizing lizards is ancestral, and therefore diets that mostly consist of mammals, squamate and bird eggs, and snakes are derived within the clade. In at least some species, smaller individuals prey mostly on lizards and larger ones add mammals to their diets.