Diffusion tensor measures of the corpus callosum in adolescents with adolescent onset alcohol use disorders
Diffusion tensor measures of the corpus callosum in adolescents with adolescent onset alcohol use disorders
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00603.x
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
MacFall, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Bellis, Michael D.;Van Voorhees, Elizabeth;MacFall, James
背景：在成人中，髓鞘形成损伤与酒精中毒有关。胼胝体的成熟在青春期是突出的。我们假设，患有酒精使用障碍的受试者（AUD;定义为精神障碍诊断和统计手册-IV酒精依赖或滥用）与对照组相比将具有髓鞘形成微结构差异。青少年受试者（25名男性，7名女性）（16.9 +/-1.2岁），这些人是从药物滥用治疗项目中招募的，患有共病精神障碍，28名社会人口统计学上相似的健康对照组（17名男性，11名女性; 15.9 ± 1.1岁）进行了3.0 T MRI扩散张量成像scannes.Results：测量头侧体各向异性分数（FA）在AUD组中高于对照组。与对照组相比，AUD组峡部区域的平均扩散率（MD）较低，而FA较高。前胼胝体微结构的发展与AUD青少年不同，年龄与喙MD呈正相关（非负相关），年龄与喙FA呈负相关（非正相关）。有性别组的相互作用，控制女性有较高的后半身FA相比，女性青少年与AUD.Conclusions：较低的MD和较高的FA值在AUD组提示发病前的脆弱性加速前额叶和颞顶叶髓鞘成熟，可能会增加青少年AUD的风险。在AUD组中，前胼胝体MD和FA测量值与年龄之间存在显著（与发育预期相反）相关性，表明酒精对青少年胼胝体微结构具有神经毒性作用。正如在成人中所看到的，患有AUD的女性青少年可能特别容易受到胼胝体微结构损伤的影响。进一步的扩散张量成像研究胼胝体成熟的儿童在家族风险的酒精中毒，并在那些与AUD，需要做阐明这些机制。
Background: In adults, myelination injury is associated with alcoholism. Maturation of the corpus callosum is prominent during adolescence. We hypothesized that subjects with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders (AUD; defined as Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV alcohol dependence or abuse) would have myelination mircostructural differences compared to controls.Methods: Adolescent subjects (25 males, 7 females) with an AUD (16.9 +/- 1.2 years), who were recruited from substance abuse treatment programs and had co-morbid mental disorders, and 28 sociodemographically similar healthy controls (17 males, 11 females; 15.9 +/- 1.1 years) underwent a 3.0 T MRI diffusion tensor imaging scan.Results: Measures of rostral body fractional anisotropy (FA) were higher in the AUD group than in the control group. Compared to controls, mean diffusivity (MD) was lower, while FA was higher, in the AUD group in the isthmus region. Anterior corpus callosum mircostructural development differed in adolescents with AUD, as age was positively (not negatively) associated with rostrum MD and age was negatively (not positively) associated with rostrum FA. There were sex by group interactions in that control females had higher posterior midbody FA when compared to female adolescents with AUD.Conclusions: Lower MD and higher FA values in the AUD group suggest pre-morbid vulnerability for accelerated prefrontal and temporo-parietal myelin maturation that may enhance the risk for adolescent AUD. Significant (and opposite to developmentally expected) correlations were seen between anterior corpus callosum MD and FA measures and age in the AUD group, suggesting neurotoxic effects of alcohol on adolescent corpus callosum microstructure. As seen in adults, female adolescents with AUD may be especially vulnerable to corpus callosum mircostructural injury. Further diffusion tensor imaging studies of corpus callosum maturation in children at familial risk for alcoholism, and in those with AUD, need to be done to elucidate these mechanisms.