Selective mutism and comorbidity with developmental disorder/delay, anxiety disorder, and elimination disorder
Selective mutism and comorbidity with developmental disorder/delay, anxiety disorder, and elimination disorder
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-200002000-00026
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发表时间：
2000-02-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Kristensen, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kristensen, H
目的：评估选择性缄默症（SM）儿童中发育障碍/发育迟缓的共病，并评估其他共病症状，如焦虑、遗尿和大便失禁。方法：与SM和他们匹配的控制对象进行了评估，通过全面评估的孩子，并通过父母结构化的诊断访谈，重点发展史。诊断依据DSM-IV。结果：共对54名SM儿童和108名对照儿童进行了评估。在SM儿童中，68.5%符合反映发育障碍/发育迟缓的诊断标准，而对照组为13.0%。SM组中74.1%的患者符合任何焦虑诊断标准，对照组中31.5%的患者符合消除障碍诊断标准，分别为7.4%和9.3%。在SM组中，46.3%的儿童符合焦虑诊断和反映发育障碍/延迟的诊断标准，而对照组为0.9%。结论：SM与发展障碍/延迟相关的频率几乎与焦虑症一样。缄默症可能掩盖了SM儿童的发育问题。患有SM的儿童通常符合发育障碍和焦虑障碍的诊断标准。
Objectives: To assess the comorbidity of developmental disorder/delay in children with selective mutism (SM) and to assess other comorbid symptoms such as anxiety, enuresis, and encopresis. Method: Subjects with SM and their matched controls were evaluated by a comprehensive assessment of the child and by means of a parental structured diagnostic interview with focus on developmental history. Diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV. Results: A total of 54 children with SM and 108 control children were evaluated. Of the children with SM, 68.5% met the criteria for a diagnosis reflecting developmental disorder/delay compared with 13.0% in the control group. The criteria for any anxiety diagnosis were met by 74.1% in the SM group and for an elimination disorder by 31.5% versus 7.4% and 9.3%, respectively, in the control group. In the SM group, 46.3% of the children met the criteria for both an anxiety diagnosis and a diagnosis reflecting developmental disorder/delay versus 0.9% in the controls. Conclusions: SM is associated with developmental disorder/delay nearly as frequently as with anxiety disorders. The mutism may conceal developmental problems in children with SM. Children with SM often meet diagnostic criteria for both a developmental and an anxiety disorder.