The Impact of Mesoscale Gravity Waves on Homogeneous Ice Nucleation in Cirrus Clouds
The Impact of Mesoscale Gravity Waves on Homogeneous Ice Nucleation in Cirrus Clouds
复制标题
中尺度重力波对卷云中均匀冰核的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
U. Lohmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Kärcher;Eric J. Jensen;U. Lohmann
通过气球测量约束的随机垂直风速驱动的包裹模式模拟，研究了中尺度重力波谱对中纬度卷云中均匀气溶胶冻结的影响。随机波强迫在平均上升气流速度为5-20 cm/S的情况下，在大范围冷却缓慢的情况下，导致大量的成核冰晶数浓度(ICNc)为0.1-1 cm−3，这本身就会产生较少的冰晶。波浪驱动的气团温度的随机性质进一步加强了ICNC，但在没有大规模冷却支持的情况下，达到冰冻条件所需的时间可能会有很大差异。在波浪强迫作用下，均匀冻结也可形成低冰量冰晶(<；1-10 L−1)，但很少见。与飞机测量的比较表明，非均匀成核冰粒和冰晶沉积对ICNC有重大影响，但量化它们的单独贡献仍然难以捉摸。
Effects of a spectrum of mesoscale gravity waves on homogeneous aerosol freezing in midlatitude cirrus are studied by means of parcel model simulations that are driven by random vertical wind speeds constrained by balloon measurements. Stochastic wave forcing with mean updraft speeds of 5–20 cm/s leads to substantial nucleated ice crystal number concentrations (ICNC) of 0.1–1 cm−3 in situations with slow large‐scale cooling, which by itself would generate fewer ice crystals. The stochastic nature of wave‐driven air parcel temperatures enhances ICNC even further, but the times required to reach freezing conditions unsupported by large‐scale cooling may vary widely. In the presence of wave forcing, ice crystals with low ICNC (<1–10 L−1) are also generated by homogeneous freezing, albeit only rarely. Comparisons with aircraft measurements suggest significant influences of heterogeneous ice‐nucleating particles and ice crystal sedimentation on ICNC, but quantifying their individual contributions remains elusive.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
X. Liu;X. Shi
通讯作者：
X. Liu;X. Shi