Social Amoebae and Their Genomes: On the Brink to True Multicellularity
Social Amoebae and Their Genomes: On the Brink to True Multicellularity
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DOI：
10.1007/978-94-017-9642-2_17
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gloeckner, Gernot
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文献类型：
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作者：
Gloeckner, Gernot
变形虫是真核生物的主要分支之一，具有超过10亿年的独立进化历史。这个分支中的社会性变形虫能够在发育周期中组织数千个细胞，形成复杂的多细胞结构。最近，这些社会性变形虫的基因组已经被测序。这些丰富的基因组数据使我们能够深入分析常见的和衍生的基因组特征，并使我们能够得出关于该分支内多细胞性的基本要求的结论。社会性变形虫的基因组相对较小，但其基因数量与真正的多细胞系统相当。多细胞性所需的一些因素在这些基因组中很容易识别，但其他因素仍然难以捉摸，因为与社会阿米巴密切相关的外群的基因组序列尚未获得。除了基因，基因组和基因组织似乎在建立多细胞性中发挥作用。在这一章中，我总结了从所有目前已知的社会变形虫基因组获得的数据，重点是与多细胞性相关的功能。
Amoebozoa are one of the main branches of eukaryotes with an independent evolutionary history of more than 1 billion years. The social amoebae within this clade are capable of organizing several thousand cells during their developmental cycle to form sophisticated multicellular structures. Recently, the genomes of a handful of these social amoebae have been sequenced. This wealth of genomic data enables the in-depth analysis of common and derived genomic features, and allows us to draw conclusions regarding the basic requirements of multicellularity within this clade. The genomes of social amoebae are relatively small, but have gene numbers comparable to those of true multicellular systems. Some factors required for multicellularity are readily identifiable in these genomes, but others remain elusive as genome sequences from closely related outgroups to social amoebae are not yet available. Besides genes, genome and gene organization seem to play a role in establishing multicellularity. In this chapter I summarize the data obtained from all currently known genomes of social amoebae with an emphasis on features related to multicellularity.