Evidence for referential understanding in the emotions domain at twelve and eighteen months
Evidence for referential understanding in the emotions domain at twelve and eighteen months
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00311
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tidball, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moses, LJ;Baldwin, DA;Tidball, G
12 个月大的婴儿很容易根据他人表现出的情绪反应来调整自己的行为，以适应新奇、模糊的物体。这种社交参考技能为婴儿的知识获取提供了强大的好处，但这些好处的大小取决于他们是否欣赏他人情感信息的参考质量，并熟练地使用参考线索（例如凝视方向、身体姿势）来指导他们对这些信息的解释。两项研究表明，12 个月和 18 个月大的孩子对他人情绪爆发的反应具有参考性理解。在第一项研究中，婴儿依靠参考线索的存在与否来确定情感信息是否应该与显着的新颖物体联系起来（N = 48），并且在第二项研究中，他们积极参考参考线索来消除情感展示的预期目标（N = 32）。这些发现提供了第一个实验证据，证明 12 个月大的婴儿具有如此复杂的参照能力，也第一个证据表明，任何年龄段的婴儿的社会参照实际上都依赖于参照理解。
Infants as young as 12 months readily modulate their behavior toward novel, ambiguous objects based on emotional responses that others display. Such social-referencing skill offers powerful benefits to infants' knowledge acquisition, but the magnitude of these benefits depends on whether they appreciate the referential quality of others' emotional messages, and are skilled at using cues to reference (e.g., gaze direction, body posture) to guide their interpretation of such messages. Two studies demonstrated referential understanding in 12- and 18-month-olds' responses to another's emotional outburst. Infants relied on the presence versus absence of referential cues to determine whether an emotional message should be linked with a salient, novel object in the first study (N = 48), and they actively consulted referential cues to disambiguate the intended target of an affective display in the second study (N = 32). These findings provide the first experimental evidence of such sophisticated referential abilities in 12-month-olds, as well as the first evidence that infant social referencing at any age actually trades on referential understanding.