Victory Day Celebrations: Memory and Validation
Victory Day Celebrations: Memory and Validation
复制标题
胜利日庆祝活动：记忆与验证
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. rouhier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. rouhier
苏联的特点是有一系列与社会主义意识形态和国家建设有关的节日，包括5月的五一节和胜利日，3月的妇女节和11月的革命日[Lane 1981; Serbyn in press]。虽然苏联解体对日常生活的影响已被广泛记录，民俗学家尚未研究其对这些社会主义节日的伴随影响。本文探讨了这些节日之一的演变，是基于收集的数据在第五十六届庆祝胜利日（2001年5月9日）在新西伯利亚，并在采访了五个新西伯利亚居民，所有俄罗斯族。我的线人都是新西伯利亚的居民，年龄从27岁到65岁不等，他们都是在这些节日中长大的。对这些人来说，他们构成了一种类似于俄罗斯村庄日历仪式的传统。苏联的国定假日，主要是一种城市现象，团结城市居民，庆祝季节变化（例如，五一节不仅是庆祝工人，也是庆祝春天的到来），以及进一步的政治目的。目前，劳动节和革命日几乎完全是共产党的庆祝活动，尽管它们仍然是国家假日。然而，在前苏联的俄罗斯领土上，很大一部分人口庆祝胜利日。(1)在这里，我将研究为什么这个节日的庆祝活动几乎完好无损地幸存下来，而其他苏联节日在实践中受到更多的限制。此外，我还将讨论这个节日的苏联功能是否仍然保留，或者这个节日在后苏联世界是否有其他目的。
The Soviet Union was characterized by an array of holidays related to socialist ideology and nation building, including May Day and Victory Day in May, Women’s Day in March and Revolution Day in November [Lane 1981; Serbyn in press]. While the effects of the fall of the Soviet Union on daily life have been extensively documented, folklorists have yet to examine its concomitant effects on these socialist holidays. This paper, which examines the evolution of one of these holidays, is based on data collected at the fifty-sixth celebration of Victory Day (May 9, 2001) in Novosibirsk and in interviews with five Novosibirsk residents, all ethnic Russians. My informants, all residents of Novosibirsk ranging in age from 27 to 65, were raised with these holidays. For these people, they constitute a tradition akin to calendar rituals in the Russian village. The Soviet national holidays, primarily an urban phenomenon, united city residents and celebrated seasonal change (e.g. May Day was not only a celebration of the worker, but also of the coming of spring) as well as furthered political aims. At the present time, Labor Day and Revolution Day are almost exclusively Communist celebrations, despite the fact that they remain national holidays. However, Victory Day is celebrated by a large proportion of the population in the Russian territory of the former Soviet Union. (1) Here I examine why celebration of this holiday has survived nearly intact when other Soviet holidays are much more restricted in practice. In addition, I shall discuss whether the Soviet functions of the holiday have still been preserved or whether the holiday serves other purposes in the post-Soviet world.