Gut microbiota in hypertension.
Gut microbiota in hypertension.
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DOI：
10.1097/mnh.0000000000000149
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Raj D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jose PA;Raj D
高血压占世界人口的四分之一，是导致心血管疾病这一头号死亡原因的41%。这些统计数据中不包括钠摄入量对血压的影响，尽管钠摄入量的增加或显着减少都会增加血压。本文综述了肠道菌群和肾脏与遗传学和表观遗传学在血压和盐敏感性调节中的相互作用。在几种高血压模型中，包括自发性高血压和达尔盐敏感大鼠，肠道微生物厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的丰度与血压升高相关。通过抗生素减少肠道微生物群可以增加或降低受基因型影响的血压。益生菌的生物学功能也可能是表观遗传修饰的结果，部分与microRNA有关。肠道微生物群发酵营养物质的产物可以通过调节能量消耗、肠内儿茶酚胺代谢以及胃肠道和肾离子转运来影响血压，从而影响盐敏感性。肠道微生物群对血压的有益或有害影响是几个变量的结果，包括遗传学，表观遗传学，生活方式和抗生素摄入量。这些变量可能会影响血压的最终水平和高血压的控制。
Hypertension, which is present in about one quarter of the world’s population, is responsible for about 41% of the number one cause of death, cardiovascular disease. Not included in these statistics is the effect of sodium intake on blood pressure, even though an increase or a marked decrease in sodium intake can increase blood pressure. This review deals with the interaction of gut microbiota and the kidney with genetics and epigenetics in the regulation of blood pressure and salt sensitivity. The abundance of the gut microbes, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, is associated with increased blood pressure in several models of hypertension, including the spontaneously hypertensive and Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Decreasing gut microbiota by antibiotics can increase or decrease blood pressure that is influenced by genotype. The biological function of probiotics may also be a consequence of epigenetic modification, related, in part, to microRNA. Products of the fermentation of nutrients by gut microbiota can influence blood pressure by regulating expenditure of energy, intestinal metabolism of catecholamines, and gastrointestinal and renal ion transport, and thus, salt sensitivity. The beneficial or deleterious effects of gut microbiota on blood pressure is a consequence of several variables, including genetics, epigenetics, lifestyle, and intake of antibiotics. These variables may influence the ultimate level of blood pressure and control of hypertension.