Requirements engineering in health care: the example of chemotherapy planning in paediatric oncology
Requirements engineering in health care: the example of chemotherapy planning in paediatric oncology
复制标题
医疗保健中的需求工程：儿科肿瘤学化疗计划的示例
作者：
S. Garde;P. Knaup
卫生保健的特点是高度复杂的病人护理过程，需要不同机构的不同卫生保健专业人员之间进行非同寻常的沟通。次优流程可能会显著影响患者的健康，增加服务和资源的消耗，在严重的情况下可能会导致患者死亡。出于这些原因，医疗信息技术发展的需求工程也是一个复杂的过程：如果没有持续和严格的评估，新系统对医疗质量的影响是未知的，设计糟糕的系统可能会对患者造成严重伤害。为了克服这些限制，我们提出并讨论了一种需求工程方法，我们将其应用于儿科肿瘤学化疗计划应用程序的开发。儿科肿瘤学的化疗计划是复杂和耗时的，必须设法避免错误。在多医院/多试验中心的儿科肿瘤学环境中，分析需求尤其困难和耗时。我们的方法结合了扎根的理论方法和进化原型，基于通用领域模型的不断发展和完善，在这种情况下，领域模型用于儿科肿瘤学的化疗计划。原型系统已在医疗中心投入使用，最终结果表明，所开发的通用领域模型是可行的。
Health care is characterized by highly complex processes of patient care that require unusual amount of communication between different health care professionals of different institutions. Sub-optimal processes can significantly impact on the patient’s health, increase the consumption of services and resources and in severe cases can lead to the patient death. For these reasons, requirements engineering for the development of information technology in health care is a complex process as well: without constant and rigorous evaluation, the impact of new systems on the quality of care is unknown and it is possible that badly designed systems significantly harm patients. To overcome these limitations, we present and discuss an approach to requirements engineering that we applied for the development of applications for chemotherapy planning in paediatric oncology. Chemotherapy planning in paediatric oncology is complex and time-consuming and errors must be avoided by all means. In the multi-hospital/multi-trial-centre environment of paediatric oncology, it is especially difficult and time-consuming to analyse requirements. Our approach combines a grounded theory approach with evolutionary prototyping based on the constant development and refinement of a generic domain model, in this case a domain model for chemotherapy planning in paediatric oncology. The prototypes were introduced in medical centres and final results show that the developed generic domain model is adequate.