The Family Herpesviridae: General Description, Taxonomy, and Classification
The Family Herpesviridae: General Description, Taxonomy, and Classification
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疱疹病毒科：概述、分类和分类
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Roizman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Roizman
在过去的50年中，已经从各种动物物种中分离出80多种不同的疱疹病毒。这些病毒，包括疱疹病毒科，共享其病毒粒子的结构特征。如表I中所列，疱疹病毒病毒粒子由四种结构元件组成：（1）由DNA包裹在其上的纤维状线轴组成的核心;（2）含有12个五聚体和150个六聚体衣壳的二十面体衣壳;（3）围绕衣壳不对称排列并被称为被膜的可变量的球状物质;和（4）围绕整个结构的膜或包膜（Wildy等人，1960年; Roizman和Furlong，1974年）。各种疱疹病毒的病毒体不能通过电子显微镜检查区分。然而，根据病毒的生物学特性、病毒粒子的免疫学特异性以及病毒基因组的大小、碱基组成和排列，很容易区分病毒。事实上，很少有病毒家族表现出像疱疹病毒科成员那样多的变异。
In the last 50 years, more than 80 distinct herpesviruses have been isolated from a wide variety of animal species. These viruses, comprising the family Herpesviridae, share structural features of their virions. As listed in Table I, the herpesvirus virion is made of four architectural elements: (1) a core consisting of a fibrillar spool on which the DNA is wrapped; (2) an icosadeltahedral capsid containing 12 pentameric and 150 hexameric capsomeres; (3) variable amounts of globular material asymmetrically arranged around the capsid and designated as the tegument; and (4) a membrane or envelope surrounding the entire structure (Wildy et al., 1960; Roizman and Furlong, 1974). The virions of the various herpesviruses cannot be differentiated by electron-microscopic examination. The viruses are, however, readily differentiated on the basis of biological properties, the immunological specificity of their virions, and the size, base composition, and arrangement of their genomes. In fact, few virus families exhibit as much variation as the members of the family Herpesviridae.