Radar Derived Subglacial Properties and Landforms Beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica

Radar Derived Subglacial Properties and Landforms Beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica
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雷达衍生的西南极洲拉特福德冰流下方的冰下属性和地貌

DOI:
10.1029/2021jf006349
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Earth Surface
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schlegel R
Schlegel R
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schlegel R

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已知冰流和冰川下的基本性质是冰流动力学的控制因素,因此了解它们对于预测由于冰川动力学变化而导致的海平面至关重要。基底性质、过程和地形也推动了冰下地貌的形成。Rutford冰流(西南极洲)下的床层性质已经在稀疏的空间覆盖范围内使用地震声阻抗测量进行了描述。在这里,我们在15 × 17 km的地面雷达数据网格中得出了床层性质,其覆盖范围和采样远远高于以前的地震研究。地面雷达数据中的床层反射振幅使用地震声阻抗导出的沉积物孔隙度(范围为0.4-0.5)进行校准。研究发现,地层性质具有空间差异性,部分地区为低孔隙度物质,部分地区为软质沉积。地震资料与地面雷达资料对比表明,该低孔隙度物质为固结沉积物或沉积岩。超大尺度冰川线(MSGLs)在河床上普遍存在,由柔软、高孔隙度、可能变形的沉积物组成,与以往对MSGLs的解释一致。我们发现一些MSGLs在其顶部具有高反射率,解释为水体覆盖在高孔隙度沉积物上,而一些地貌的周围槽和上游端由低孔隙度物质组成。综合这些不同的观测结果,我们对地形顶部出现水的可能解释施加了限制。
Basal properties beneath ice streams and glaciers are known to be a control for ice flow dynamics, hence knowledge of them is crucial for predicting sea level due to changes in glacial dynamics. Basal properties, processes and topography also drive the formation of subglacial landforms. Bed properties beneath Rutford Ice Stream (West Antarctica) have previously been described using seismic acoustic impedance measurements at a sparse spatial coverage. Here, we derive bed properties in a 15 × 17 km grid of surface radar data with coverage and sampling much higher than previous seismic studies. Bed reflection amplitudes in surface radar data were calibrated using sediment porosities (ranging from 0.4–0.5) derived from seismic acoustic impedance. We find the bed properties are spatially variable, consisting of low porosity material in some areas and soft sediment in other areas. Comparison of seismic and surface radar data imply the low porosity material to be a consolidated sediment or sedimentary rock. Mega‐scale glacial lineations (MSGLs) are ubiquitous on the bed and consist of soft, high porosity, probably deforming sediment, consistent with previous interpretations of MSGLs. We find some MSGLs have high reflectivity on their crest, interpreted as water bodies overlying high porosity sediment, whereas the trough around and the upstream end of some landforms consist of low porosity material. Integrating these different observations, we place constraints on possible explanations for the occurrence of water on the crest of landforms.
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