Model Tests on Ice Gouge Events Under Various Conditions
Model Tests on Ice Gouge Events Under Various Conditions
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不同条件下冰凿事件模型试验
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Saeki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kioka;Yoshikatu Yasunaga;Yuko Matuo;H. Saeki
冰凿（冰冲刷）是冰与海床接触时发生的一种现象。在这类地区的输油管道设计和安装时，必须特别注意，以免发生冰凿事故。一个重要的因素是了解机制（冰的运动、凿井事件的海底条件）。除了先前的测试（Kioka等人，2000（a）、2000（B）），在各种条件下进行了多个系列的模型试验。结果表明，随着龙骨速度的增加，砂土中的超静孔隙水压力增加，水平推土力和冲刷曲线随龙骨速度的增加而变化。然后，虽然从机械模型（Kioka等人，2000（a））往往小于实际测量与模型实验，作者还透露，这一因素之一可能是由于孔隙水压力的存在之一。因此，为了进行小规模的实验，作者确认，砂的粒径和移动速度应控制每种情况。另一方面，对模型冰龙骨在凿孔事件中的凹陷进行了预测，并对模型冰龙骨的冲刷过程进行了探讨。
Ice Gouge (Ice Scour) is a phenomenon that occurs when ice comes into contact with the seabed. More care must be taken for the design and installation of oil pipelines in such areas in order to avoid accidents due to ice gouge. An important factor is to acknowledge mechanisms (ice motions, sub-seabed conditions on gouge events). In addition to previous tests (Kioka et al., 2000(a),2000(b)), a number of series of model tests have been performed under various conditions. The authors revealed that the excess pore water pressure in the sand increased proportionally to the velocity of keel, and that the horizontal bulldozing force and the scour curve changed drastically with the velocity of the keel in relation to the excess pore water pressure. And then, although the horizontal bulldozing force estimated from Mechanical model (Kioka et al., 2000(a)) tended to be smaller than in actual measurement with the model experiment, the authors also revealed that one of this factor could be due to one of the presence of the pore water pressure. Hence, in order to conduct a small-scale experiment, the authors confirmed that the grain size of sand and the traveling velocity should be controlled for each situation. On the other hand, the authors also prospected depression of the model ice keel during gouge events, and discussed the scouring process of model ice keel.