Beyond Kyoto: Climate Change Policy in Multilevel Governance Systems
Beyond Kyoto: Climate Change Policy in Multilevel Governance Systems
复制标题
超越京都：多层次治理体系中的气候变化政策
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0491.2007.00365.x
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
B. Rabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Rabe
气候变化政策通常被视为一个国际治理问题，可以随时采用全球政策战略。1997年签署《京都议定书》后的十年经验表明，这是一个复杂得多的过程，涉及广泛的政策选择和各级治理系统的不同参与。美国和加拿大各自的经验表明，正式参与国际政策领域并不是国内政策制定或减排的良好指标。政府间关系的不同背景，不同的资源可供国家以下各级政府的政策制定和执行，以及国家以下各级领导人在政策形成中的作用已经成为解释这些北美邻国之间的国家差异的重要因素。因此，气候变化日益成为不仅对国际关系而且对多层次治理的挑战，从而为从国内政策试验中学习创造了相当多的机会。
Climate change policy has commonly been framed as a matter of international governance for which global policy strategies can be readily employed. The decade of experience following the 1997 signing of the Kyoto Protocol suggests a far more complex process involving a wide range of policy options and varied engagement by multiple levels of governance systems. The respective experiences of the United States and Canada suggest that formal engagement in the international realm of policy is not a good indicator of domestic policy development or emissions reductions. The different contexts of intergovernmental relations, varied resources available to subnational governments for policy development and implementation, and role of subnational leaders in policy formation have emerged as important factors in explaining national differences between these North American neighbors. Consequently, climate change increasingly presents itself as a challenge not only of international relations but also of multilevel governance, thereby creating considerable opportunity to learn from domestic policy experimentation.