Impacts and management of forest fires in the Republic of Sakha, Russia: A local perspective for a global problem
Impacts and management of forest fires in the Republic of Sakha, Russia: A local perspective for a global problem
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polar.2020.100573
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Daiju Narita;T. Gavrilyeva;A. Isaev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daiju Narita;T. Gavrilyeva;A. Isaev
萨哈共和国（雅库特）是西伯利亚东北部的组成部分，在所有俄罗斯联邦主体中拥有最大的森林覆盖面积，其土地上的森林火灾对全球环境产生重大影响。本文旨在为西伯利亚森林火灾这一全球重要问题提供一个地方视角，讨论雅库特森林火灾的一般模式和趋势、公共管理制度及其对地方的影响。国家统计数据显示，近几十年来雅库特的火灾频率有所下降，但被烧毁的面积明显增加，例如，从1985-1994年到2005-2014年，平均火灾次数减少了17%，而平均火灾面积增加了73%。这些变化反映了过去几十年来当地社会经济和政治条件的转变，例如城市化、苏联解体后公共森林管理制度的改组、预算短缺和林业活动的下降趋势。这些因素也可能是西伯利亚森林火灾未来趋势的重要决定因素，再加上全球气候变化的影响。
The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which constitutes the northeastern parts of Siberia, holds the largest area of forest coverage among all the Russian federal subjects, and forest fires in its land exert significant impacts on the global environment. This paper aims to offer a local perspective for the globally important problem of Siberian forest fires, discussing the general patterns and trends of forest fires in Yakutia, their public management system, and their local impacts. State statistical data show a decrease in the frequency of fires but an apparent increase in burned areas in recent decades in Yakutia - for example, from the period 1985–1994 to the period 2005–2014, the average number of fires decreased by 17%, while their average area increased by 73%. These changes reflect transitions of local socioeconomic and political conditions over the last few decades, such as urbanization, the post-Soviet restructuring of the public forest management system, budget scarcity and declining trends of forestry activities. These factors are also likely to be an important determinant for the future trends of forest fires in Siberia, in combination with the effects of global climate change.