Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) response to animal source foods varies among healthy young men and is influenced by their gut microbiota composition: A randomized controlled trial
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) response to animal source foods varies among healthy young men and is influenced by their gut microbiota composition: A randomized controlled trial
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DOI：
10.1002/mnfr.201600324
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Caudill, Marie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cho, Clara E.;Taesuwan, Siraphat;Caudill, Marie A.
范围：三甲胺-N-氧化物 (TMAO) 是一种与肠道微生物群相关的代谢物，与心脏病风险过高有关。我们假设 (i) 健康男性对动物源性食品的 TMAO 反应会有所不同，(ii) 这种反应会受到肠道微生物群的影响。 方法和结果：对健康年轻男性 (n = 40) 进行了一项交叉喂养试验，膳食中含有 TMAO（鱼）、其膳食前体、胆碱（鸡蛋）和肉碱（牛肉）以及水果对照。与鸡蛋、牛肉或水果对照相比，鱼产生的TMAO（46-62倍；p < 0.0001）、三甲胺（8-14倍；p < 0.0001）和二甲胺（4-6倍；P< 0.0001）的循环和尿液浓度更高。食用鱼类后 15 分钟内，循环中的 TMAO 浓度增加，表明膳食中的 TMAO 无需肠道微生物处理即可被吸收。 16S rRNA 基因分析表明，高 TMAO 生产者（对鸡蛋和牛肉的反应导致尿 TMAO 增加 >= 20%）的厚壁菌门比拟杆菌门多（p = 0.04），并且肠道微生物群多样性较低（p = 0.03）。结论：食用鱼类比鸡蛋或牛肉导致循环 TMAO 增加显着更大。男性中厚壁菌门到拟杆菌门的富集度较高，对膳食TMAO前体摄入量表现出更大的反应，这表明TMAO的产生是肠道微生物组个体差异的函数。
Scope: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite linked to the gut microbiota, is associated with excess risk of heart disease. We hypothesized that (i) TMAO response to animal source foods would vary among healthy men and (ii) this response would be modified by their gut microbiome.Methods and results: A crossover feeding trial in healthy young men (n = 40) was conducted with meals containing TMAO (fish), its dietary precursors, choline (eggs) and carnitine (beef), and a fruit control. Fish yielded higher circulating and urinary concentrations of TMAO (46-62 times; p < 0.0001), trimethylamine (8-14 times; p < 0.0001), and dimethylamine (4-6-times; P< 0.0001) than eggs, beef, or the fruit control. Circulating TMAO concentrations were increased within 15 min of fish consumption, suggesting that dietary TMAO can be absorbed without processing by gutmicrobes. Analysis of 16S rRNA genes indicated that high-TMAO producers (>= 20% increase in urinary TMAO in response to eggs and beef) had more Firmicutes than Bacteroidetes (p = 0.04) and less gut microbiota diversity (p = 0.03).Conclusion: Consumption of fish yielded substantially greater increases in circulating TMAO than eggs or beef. The higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes enrichment among men exhibiting a greater response to dietary TMAO precursor intake indicates that TMAO production is a function of individual differences in the gut microbiome.