The influence of red blood cell deformability on hematocrit profiles and platelet margination
The influence of red blood cell deformability on hematocrit profiles and platelet margination
复制标题
红细胞变形能力对血细胞比容分布及血小板边缘化的影响
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007716
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Eniola-Adefeso, Omolola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Czaja, Benjamin;Gutierrez, Mario;Eniola-Adefeso, Omolola
使用共聚焦显微镜测量流动的人体血液和细胞分辨血流模拟，研究全血中红细胞（RBC）变形性对血小板边集的影响。使用共聚焦显微镜测量玻璃腔室壁处的荧光血小板浓度，其中流动的人血含有不同的健康至僵硬的RBC部分。由于流动中硬化RBC的增加，在壁处观察到荧光血小板信号的减少，表明由于流动中存在的硬化RBC的分数增加，血小板边集减少。为了解决硬化红细胞对血小板浓度在通道壁的影响，细胞对和整体流模拟进行。对于RBC对之间的均匀碰撞，观察到随着膜刚度的增加碰撞后的最终位移减少。在健康和刚性红细胞对之间的非均质碰撞中，发现刚性红细胞的位移最大。由于红细胞和血小板的大小和质量不同，红细胞变形能力对它们之间的碰撞的影响可以忽略不计。对于一个直的血管几何形状与不同的健康，僵硬的红细胞比例，减少观察到在红细胞的自由层和血小板margination由于增加僵硬的红细胞存在于flow.Author summaryThe的主要功能的人红细胞是提供氧气的身体组织。红细胞的变形能力使其能够沿着小毛细血管挤压，帮助将血小板运送到血管壁的受损区域，从而启动正常的凝血功能。已知许多疾病阻碍红细胞的变形性，这可能不利地影响红细胞和血小板在流动中的运输。我们观察到，随着流动中僵硬红细胞的分数增加，血小板边集减少。具体地，这被观察为在具有流动的全血的玻璃通道的壁处的荧光血小板信号的减少。我们通过进行重现实验的细胞分辨模拟来证实这种边际减少。我们还观察到，在模拟中，减少红细胞的无细胞层的红细胞变形能力降低。我们认为，无细胞层的减少是边缘化减少的最重要因素。
The influence of red blood cell (RBC) deformability in whole blood on platelet margination is investigated using confocal microscopy measurements of flowing human blood and cell resolved blood flow simulations. Fluorescent platelet concentrations at the wall of a glass chamber are measured using confocal microscopy with flowing human blood containing varying healthy-to-stiff RBC fractions. A decrease is observed in the fluorescent platelet signal at the wall due to the increase of stiffened RBCs in flow, suggesting a decrease of platelet margination due to an increased fraction of stiffened RBCs present in the flow. In order to resolve the influence of stiffened RBCs on platelet concentration at the channel wall, cell-pair and bulk flow simulations are performed. For homogeneous collisions between RBC pairs, a decrease in final displacement after a collision with increasing membrane stiffness is observed. In heterogeneous collisions between healthy and stiff RBC pairs, it is found that the stiffened RBC is displaced most. The influence of RBC deformability on collisions between RBCs and platelets was found to be negligible due to their size and mass difference. For a straight vessel geometry with varying healthy-to-stiff RBC ratios, a decrease was observed in the red blood cell-free layer and platelet margination due to an increase in stiffened RBCs present in flow.Author summaryThe primary function of the human red blood cell is to deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body. The ability of the red blood cell to deform allows it to squeeze through small capillaries along with helping transport platelets to damaged areas on the vessel wall, which initiates normal coagulation function. Many diseases are known to impede the deformability of the red blood cell, which may adversely impact the transport of red blood cells and platelets in flow. We observe that with increasing fractions of stiff red blood cells in flow, there is a decrease of platelet margination. Specifically, this is observed as a decrease of the fluorescent platelet signal at the wall of a glass channel with flowing whole blood. We confirm this margination decrease by performing cell resolved simulations that reproduce the experiments. We also observe, in simulation, a decrease in the red blood cell-free layer as red blood cell deformability decreases. The decrease in the cell-free layer, we believe, is the most significant contributing factor to decreased margination.