Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics
Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/73.2.430s
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Schrezenmeir, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marteau, PR;de Vrese, M;Schrezenmeir, J
益生菌是非致病性微生物，当摄入时，对宿主的健康或生理产生积极影响。它们可以通过调节内源性生态系统或免疫系统直接或间接地影响肠道生理学。已经显示出足够水平的证据以使益生菌能够用作胃肠道紊乱的治疗的结果是：1）在患有原发性或继发性乳糖消化不良的受试者中，与牛奶相比，酸奶具有良好的耐受性，2）使用布拉酵母和屎肠球菌SF 68来预防或缩短腹泻相关性腹泻的持续时间，3）使用S.布拉氏杆菌以防止艰难梭菌相关腹泻的进一步复发，以及4）使用含有鼠李糖乳杆菌GG的发酵乳来缩短患有轮状病毒肠炎的婴儿的腹泻持续时间（并且可能也在其他原因的胃肠炎中）。不同益生菌的效果包括减轻各种原因的腹泻;预防胃肠道感染，包括旅行者腹泻;和免疫调节。目前正在进行涉及生态系统的胃肠道疾病的试验，例如幽门螺杆菌感染、炎症性肠病和结肠癌。
Probiotics are nonpathogenic microorganisms that, when ingested, exert a positive influence on the health or physiology of the host. They can influence intestinal physiology either directly or indirectly through modulation of the endogenous ecosystem or immune system. The results that have been shown with a sufficient level of proof to enable probiotics to be used as treatments for gastrointestinal disturbances are 1) the good tolerance of yogurt compared with milk in subjects with primary or secondary lactose maldigestion, 2) the use of Saccharomyces boulardii and Enterococcus faecium SF 68 to prevent or shorten the duration of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, 3) the use of S. boulardii to prevent further recurrence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, and 4) the use of fermented milks containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to shorten the duration of diarrhea in infants with rotavirus enteritis (and probably also in gastroenteritis of other causes). Effects that are otherwise suggested for diverse probiotics include alleviation of diarrhea of miscellaneous causes; prophylaxis of gastrointestinal infections, which includes traveler's diarrhea; and immunomodulation. Trials of gastrointestinal diseases that involve the ecosystem are currently being performed, eg, Helicobacter pylori infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer.