The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats
The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/136.7.1940s
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
German, Alexander J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
German, Alexander J.
肥胖的定义是体内脂肪组织堆积过多，是同伴动物最常见的营养障碍。肥胖通常是饮食摄入过多或能量利用不足的结果，这会导致能量正平衡状态。许多因素可能使一个人易患肥胖症，包括遗传、体力活动量和饮食中的能量含量。肥胖的主要医学问题与伴随肥胖而来的许多疾病有关。大量研究表明，肥胖会对狗和猫的健康和寿命产生有害影响。肥胖动物易患的问题包括骨科疾病、糖尿病、循环血脂异常、心肺疾病、泌尿系统疾病、生殖障碍、肿瘤(乳腺肿瘤、移行细胞癌)、皮肤病和麻醉并发症。针对同伴动物肥胖的主要治疗选择包括饮食管理和增加体力活动。虽然目前还没有药物化合物被批准用于狗和猫的减肥，但预计这种药物将在未来出现。饮食疗法是狗和猫体重管理的基石，但增加锻炼和行为管理是有用的辅助手段。在兽医行业中，有必要提高对伴生性动物肥胖的认识，将其视为一个严重的医学问题。
Obesity is defined as an accumulation of excessive amounts of adipose tissue in the body, and is the most common nutritional disorder in companion animals. Obesity is usually the result of either excessive dietary intake or inadequate energy utilization, which causes a state of positive energy balance. Numerous factors may predispose an individual to obesity including genetics, the amount of physical activity, and the energy content of the diet. The main medical concern of obesity relates to the many disease associations that accompany the adiposity. Numerous studies demonstrated that obesity can have detrimental effects on the health and longevity of dogs and cats. The problems to which obese companion animals may be predisposed include orthopedic disease, diabetes mellitus, abnormalities in circulating lipid profiles, cardiorespiratory disease, urinary disorders, reproductive disorders, neoplasia (mammary tumors, transitional cell carcinoma), dermatological diseases, and anesthetic complications. The main therapeutic options for obesity in companion animals include dietary management and increasing physical activity. Although no pharmaceutical compounds are yet licensed for weight loss in dogs and cats, it is envisaged that such agents will be available in the future. Dietary therapy forms the cornerstone of weight management in dogs and cats, but increasing exercise and behavioral management form useful adjuncts. There is a need to increase the awareness of companion animal obesity as a serious medical concern within the veterinary profession.