Debating Indonesia's Reformasi: Bridging 'Parallel Universes'
Debating Indonesia's Reformasi: Bridging 'Parallel Universes'
复制标题
辩论印度尼西亚的改革：架起“平行宇宙”的桥梁
DOI：
10.1080/00472336.2014.895026
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yuki Fukuoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuki Fukuoka;Yuki Fukuoka
苏哈托在印度尼西亚倒台15年后，学者们仍然对他为什么倒台以及随后的政治过渡过程实际上意味着什么持不同意见。对文献的回顾揭示了两种相互竞争的解释。在自由派阵营，学者们利用过渡理论，认为苏哈托的垮台是由“人民力量”动员造成的。然而，在寡头政治文献中，其他采用政治经济学理论的学者质疑这种解释，并认为苏哈托的垮台意味着父权制的重组。自由主义者批评后者低估了后苏哈托时代印度尼西亚变化的重要性，尽管这两个阵营之间几乎没有接触，现在构成了两个“平行宇宙”。本文认为，虽然寡头阵营倾向于强调连续性，它仍然为我们提供了重要的见解后苏哈托印尼的变化，没有充分认识到自由主义者。这在很大程度上是因为它们不同的理论根源阻碍了有意义的对话。本文运用转型理论的语言对寡头政治文学进行了重新建构，阐明了这两大阵营各自关注的变革本质的差异，以期激发它们之间更具建设性的互动。
Fifteen years after the fall of Suharto in Indonesia, scholars still continue to disagree over why he fell and what the subsequent process of political transition has actually entailed. A review of the literature reveals two competing interpretations. In the liberal camp, scholars draw on transition theories and argue that the fall of Suharto was caused by a “people power” mobilisation. Other scholars in the oligarchy literature who adopt theories of political economy, however, question this interpretation and argue that the fall of Suharto entailed a reorganisation of patrimonialism. The latter has been criticised by liberals for underestimating the significance of changes in post-Suharto Indonesia, though little engagement has taken place between these camps, which now constitute two “parallel universes.” This article argues that while the oligarchy camp tends to emphasise continuity, it still provides us with important insights into changes in post-Suharto Indonesia which are not adequately recognised by liberals. This is largely because their different theoretical roots prevent meaningful conversations. By reframing the oligarchy literature using the language of transition theories, this article clarifies the difference in the nature of change these two camps are respectively concerned with in the hopes of stimulating more constructive engagements between them.