Semi-invariant Riemannian metrics in hydrodynamics

Semi-invariant Riemannian metrics in hydrodynamics
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流体动力学中的半不变黎曼度量

DOI:
10.1007/s00526-020-1722-x
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Modin, Klas
Modin, Klas
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bauer, Martin;Modin, Klas

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数学物理中的许多模型都是以流体动力学类型的非线性偏微分方程给出的;不可压缩的欧拉方程、KdV方程和Camassa-Holm方程都是研究得很好的例子。一个很好的适定性方法是从欧拉描述到拉格朗日描述。在几何上,它对应于具有右不变黎曼度量的无限维同构群上的测地线初值问题。通过建立黎曼喷雾的正则性,人们可以得到局部的,有时是全局的,存在性和唯一性的结果。然而,有许多流体动力学类型的方程,特别是浅水模型和可压缩欧拉方程,其中潜在的无限维黎曼结构不是完全右不变的,但仍然是半不变的关于保体积同态的子群。在这里,我们研究这些指标。对于Sobolev型的半不变度量,我们给出了测地线初值问题的局部和一些整体适定性结果。我们还给出了结果中存在的潜在功能(对应于流体的内能)。我们的研究揭示了从完全右不变到半不变Sobolev度量的许多陷阱;例如,正则性要求更高。然而,关键的结果,如没有损失或增加的规则性沿着测地线,可以采用。
Many models in mathematical physics are given as non-linear partial differential equation of hydrodynamic type; the incompressible Euler, KdV, and Camassa–Holm equations are well-studied examples. A beautiful approach to well-posedness is to go from the Eulerian to a Lagrangian description. Geometrically it corresponds to a geodesic initial value problem on the infinite-dimensional group of diffeomorphisms with aright invariantRiemannian metric. By establishing regularity properties of the Riemannian spray one can then obtain local, and sometimes global, existence and uniqueness results. There are, however, many hydrodynamic-type equations, notably shallow water models and compressible Euler equations, where the underlying infinite-dimensional Riemannian structure is not fully right invariant, but stillsemi-invariantwith respect to the subgroup of volume preserving diffeomorphisms. Here we study such metrics. For semi-invariant metrics of Sobolev-type we give local and some global well-posedness results for the geodesic initial value problem. We also give results in the presence of a potential functional (corresponding to the fluid’s internal energy). Our study reveals many pitfalls in going from fully right invariant to semi-invariant Sobolev metrics; the regularity requirements, for example, are higher. Nevertheless the key results, such as no loss or gain in regularity along geodesics, can be adopted.
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