The Changing Boundary between Home and Market: Australian Trends in Outsourcing Domestic Labour
The Changing Boundary between Home and Market: Australian Trends in Outsourcing Domestic Labour
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国内与市场之间不断变化的界限：澳大利亚外包国内劳动力的趋势
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gabrielle Meagher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bittman;G. Matheson;Gabrielle Meagher
人们普遍认为，国内外包正在蓬勃发展。许多人认为，市场服务的增长是对有偿劳动力的新责任所产生的越来越大的时间压力以及对家庭中不灵活的性别分工的反应。对所谓的国内外包增长的后果的解释既有分歧又极端。有偿家政服务已经被宣布为：（1）前工业时代的产物（Coser，1973）;（2）自我服务的牺牲品（Gershuny，1983）;（3）后工业社会市场持续发展的最后前沿（Ruthven，1994）。因此，所谓的外包热潮要么被视为前现代剥削劳动力形式的复苏，（可能基于种族或民族），预示着一种更深层次、更棘手的社会分层形式（Arat-Kobert 1989; Glenn 1992; Gorz 1994; Gregson and Lowe 1994; Probert 1997; Romero 1992），或者作为未来的机会引擎（Ruthven 1997）。不幸的是，所有这些讨论都超越了事实。两个研究领域是至关重要的-一个是对外包国内商品和服务的需求的研究，另一个是对国内外包行业的劳资关系进行广泛的比较研究。本文件讨论的是其中的第一个领域。报告介绍了根据对1984-1993/1994年澳大利亚家庭支出调查的分析对国内外包支出趋势进行的研究。然后，根据我们对同一时期时间使用趋势的了解，对这些信息进行解释。
It is widely believed that domestic outsourcing is booming. Many believe the growth of market services is a response to increasing time pressures arising from new responsibilities in the paid workforce, and to an inflexible sexual division of labour at home. The interpretation of the consequences of the purported growth of domestic outsourcing has been both divided and extreme. Paid domestic services have been declared: (1) a thing of the pre-industrial past (Coser 1973); (2) a victim of self-servicing (Gershuny 1983); and (3) the last frontier in the continuing advance of the market in post-industrial society (Ruthven 1994). Consequently, the alleged boom in outsourcing has been viewed either as the resurgence of a pre-modern form of the exploitation of labour (possibly based on race or ethnicity), heralding a deeper and more intractable form of social stratification (Arat-Koç 1989; Glenn 1992; Gorz 1994; Gregson and Lowe 1994; Probert 1997; Romero 1992), or as the future engine of opportunity (Ruthven 1997). Unfortunately all this discussion has run ahead of the facts. Two areas of research are vital - one is a study of the demand for outsourced domestic goods and services, and the other is wide-ranging comparative study of the labour relations in the domestic outsourcing industry. This paper addresses the first of these areas. It describes a study of trends in expenditure on domestic outsourcing drawing on an analysis of Australian Household Expenditure Surveys 1984-1993/4. This information is then interpreted in the light of our knowledge of trends in time use over the same period.