TRP channels as a newly emerging non-voltage-gated CA2+ entry channel superfamily.
TRP channels as a newly emerging non-voltage-gated CA2+ entry channel superfamily.
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TRP 通道作为新兴的非电压门控 CA2 进入通道超家族。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
R. Inoue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Inoue
人们早就知道，外部环境对细胞施加的许多化学和物理刺激会通过与电压门控和快速配体门控 Ca2+ 进入通道不同的跨膜途径引起持久的 Ca2+ 流入，但目前尚不清楚，因此激活和调节多种细胞功能。从果蝇视觉转导突变体瞬时受体电位 (TRP) 蛋白的发现开始，分子鉴定这些途径的最新进展已开始揭示非电压门控 Ca2+ 通道的巨大超家族的存在。 TRP超家族的哺乳动物成员（除两名成员外）是Ca2+渗透性非选择性阳离子通道，其具有组成型活性或受多种理化刺激（如受体刺激、磷脂、氧化剂、信息素、细胞体积变化/剪切应力、影响感觉的外源化合物以及环境温度、酸度和渗透压以及细胞代谢状态的变化）门控。由于这些激活的多样性及其从大脑到外周器官和组织的广泛分布，TRP 通道现在被认为涉及不同的生理功能，包括：疼痛和味觉传导；热感觉和机械感觉；矿物质吸收/重吸收的调节；血压、肠道蠕动和气道反应性；细胞增殖/死亡，其中一些似乎与特定的遗传性疾病密切相关。这些特征将使 TRP 通道成为未来药物治疗有吸引力的新型分子靶点。本文简要概述了这些通道的现有知识，主要关注它们与体内功能的可能联系。
It has long been known that many chemical and physical stimuli imposed on the cell from its exterior environments elicit a long-lasting Ca2+ influx through yet poorly elucidated transmembrane pathways distinct from voltage-gated and fast ligand-gated Ca2+ entry channels, thereby activating and modulating a variety of cellular functions. Recent progress in molecularly identifying these pathways, initiated from the discovery of Drosophila's visual transduction mutants transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins, has begun to reveal the presence of an enormous superfamily of non-voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. The mammalian members of TRP superfamily are (except for two members) Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channels which are constitutively active or gated by a multitude of physicochemical stimuli such as receptor stimulation, phospholipids, oxidants, pheromones, cell volume change/shear stress, exogenous compounds affecting sensations, and changes in ambient temperature, acidity and osmolarity and cellular metabolic status. Owing to these diversities in activation and their broad distribution from brain to peripheral organs and tissues, TRP channels are now thought to be involved in divergent physiological functions including; pain and taste transductions; thermo- and mechano-sensations; regulation of mineral absorption/reabsorption; blood pressure, gut motility and airway responsiveness; cell proliferation/death, some of which seem tightly associated with specific genetic disorders. These features will render TRP channels the attractive novel molecular targets for future drug therapy. This paper briefly overviews the current knowledge available for these channels with a main interest in their possible linkage with in vivo function.