Sex- and menstrual cycle-related differences in sweating and cutaneous blood flow in response to passive heat exposure
Sex- and menstrual cycle-related differences in sweating and cutaneous blood flow in response to passive heat exposure
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DOI：
10.1007/s00421-004-1303-2
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ueda, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inoue, Y;Tanaka, Y;Ueda, H
为了研究与性别和月经周期相关的热暴露温度调节反应的差异，10名年轻女性和6名年轻男性通过将腿浸入加热至42° C的水中60分钟（在30° C和45%相对湿度的环境条件下）被动加热。这些妇女在月经周期的卵泡中期（F）和黄体中期（L）接受了热暴露，这是通过测定血浆女性生殖激素来证实的。在预热平衡期（28° C）和热暴露期间，L期女性的直肠温度和平均体温（T-b）显著高于F期女性和男性。在热暴露过程中，女性前额、胸部、背部和前臂的局部出汗率msw均显著低于男性，但大腿m（SW）与男性相似。在月经周期的不同阶段，m（SW）在任何部位都没有变化。在两个阶段中，女性大腿的皮肤血流量（% LDF）显著高于男性，但在任何其他部位（前额、胸部、背部和前臂）均无差异。L期女性背部的% LDF显著高于F期，但其他部位的LDF在两个阶段相似。我们的结论是，与男性相比，女性的热量损失更多地依赖于皮肤血管舒张（特别是大腿）而不是出汗，无论月经周期的阶段。这种现象是由于外周机制，如反映在% LDF和T-b之间的关系的较大斜率; m（SW）和排汗频率之间的关系的较低斜率，以及每个腺体的较低汗液输出。月经周期改变了女性血管舒张和出汗的T-b阈值。因此，女性在L期T-b阈值的性别差异比在F期更显著。此外，月经周期修改% LDF之间的关系的斜率在背部和T-b。
To examine sex- and menstrual cycle-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to heat exposure, ten young women and six young men were heated passively by immersing their legs in water heated to 42° C for 60 min (in ambient conditions of 30° C and 45% relative humidity). The women underwent heat exposure during the mid-follicular ( F) and mid-luteal ( L) phases of the menstrual cycle, which were confirmed by assaying plasma female reproductive hormones. The rectal and mean body (T-b) temperatures of women in the L phase were significantly greater than those of women in the F phase and of men during a pre-heating equilibration period (28° C) and during heat exposure. During heat exposure, the local sweat rates msw) on the forehead, chest, back, and forearm of women in either phase were significantly lower than those of men, but the thigh m(SW) was similar to that of men. The m(SW) did not change at any site during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. The cutaneous blood flow (% LDF) was significantly greater on the thigh for women in either phase compared with men, but no difference was found at any other site (forehead, chest, back, and forearm). The % LDF on the back was significantly greater for women in the L phase than in the F phase, but those at other sites were similar in both phases. We conclude that, compared with men, heat loss from women depends more on cutaneous vasodilation ( especially on the thigh) than on sweating, irrespective of the phase of the menstrual cycle. This phenomenon was due to peripheral mechanisms, as reflected in the greater slope of the relationship between % LDF and T-b; lower slope of the relationship between m(SW) and frequency of sweat expulsion, and lower sweat output per gland. The menstrual cycle modfied the T-b threshold for vasodilation and sweat onset in women. Therefore, the sex difference in the T-b threshold was more marked for women during the L phase than during the F phase. Moreover, the menstrual cycle modified the slope of the relationship between % LDF on the back and T-b.