Numerical estrangement and integration between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical information: Task-dependence and its link to math abilities in adults

Numerical estrangement and integration between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical information: Task-dependence and its link to math abilities in adults
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符号和非符号数字信息之间的数字疏远和整合:任务依赖性及其与成人数学能力的联系

DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105067
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Libertus, Melissa E.
Libertus, Melissa E.
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ren, Xueying;Liu, Ruizhe;Coutanche, Marc N.;Fiez, Julie A.;Libertus, Melissa E.

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大多数成年人有两种不同的数字系统来表示数字信息:精确数字系统,它依赖于不同形式的数字符号来表示精确的数字信息,以及近似数字系统,它允许对数字量进行近似估计。在这里,我们研究符号和非符号数字信息之间的整合(即,“数值积分”),以及数值积分如何与成年人的正式数学能力。我们管理了两个任务来测量数值积分。对于非符号点阵和阿拉伯数字的数字比较任务,参与者表示两个顺序呈现的相同格式(点-点或数字-数字)或混合格式(点-数字或数字-点)的刺激中较大的一个。在数字-字母辨别任务中,参与者识别与点阵同时出现的阿拉伯数字或字母对(与数字所代表的数量匹配或不匹配)。在数字比较任务中,参与者在比较混合格式的刺激时速度明显较慢,特别是当阿拉伯数字第一次出现而点阵第二次出现时,这表明符号和非符号数字信息之间的隔阂以及数字信息呈现顺序的不对称性。相比之下,在数字-字母辨别任务中,参与者在匹配点阵和数字的数字-字母辨别中的速度明显更快,这表明符号和非符号数字信息之间的整合。令人惊讶的是,一些来自数字比较任务的数字疏远的测量结果与成年人在标准化数学评估中的表现显着相关。因此,我们得出结论,数字整合或疏远是任务依赖性的,具有更高水平的符号疏远的成年人往往具有更高的数学技能。
Most adults have access to two different number systems to represent numerical information: an exact number system, which relies on different forms of number symbols to represent exact numerical information, and an approximate number system, which allows for approximate estimates of numerical quantities. Here we investigate the integration between the symbolic and non-symbolic numerical information (i.e., “numerical integration”), and how numerical integration relates to adults' formal math abilities. We administered two tasks to measure numerical integration. For a number comparison task with non-symbolic dot arrays and Arabic numerals, participants indicated the larger of two sequentially presented stimuli that were same-format (dot-dot or numeral-numeral), or mixed-format (dot-numeral or numeral-dot). For a number-letter discrimination task, participants identified Arabic numerals or letter pairs that co-occurred with dot arrays (matching or mismatching the quantity represented by the numeral). In the number comparison task, participants were significantly slower when comparing mixed-format stimuli, especially when Arabic numerals were presented first and dot arrays second, suggesting estrangement between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical information and an asymmetry depending on the order in which the numerical information is presented. In contrast, in the number-letter discrimination task, participants were significantly faster in number-letter discrimination for matching dot arrays and numerals, suggesting integration between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical information. Surprisingly, some measures of numerical estrangement derived from the number comparison task significantly correlated with adults' performance on a standardized math assessment. Thus, we conclude that numerical integration or estrangement is task-dependent, and adults with greater levels of symbolic estrangement tend to have higher math skills.
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