Regulation and Function of AQP4 in the Central Nervous System
Regulation and Function of AQP4 in the Central Nervous System
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DOI：
10.1007/s11064-015-1519-z
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
MacAulay, Nanna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Assentoft, Mette;Larsen, Brian Roland;MacAulay, Nanna
水通道蛋白4（AQP 4）是哺乳动物脑内主要的水通道，主要表达于脑-血界面处的血管周围神经胶质终足。基于对AQP 4（-/-）小鼠的研究，AQP 4已被分配在刺激诱导的K+清除、血管旁液体流动和脑水肿形成中的生理作用。已经提出了关于AQP 4在K+清除和相关细胞外空间收缩中的作用以及在水肿形成期间中风诱导的AQP 4表达水平改变的证据数据，提出了关于AQP 4在这些（病理）生理方面的功能重要性的问题。AQP 4磷酸化依赖性门控被认为是AQP 4介导的渗透水转运的调节机制。然而，这种模式最近受到了实验证据和分子动力学模拟的挑战。因此，AQP 4的调节模式和生理作用仍有待充分探讨。
Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is the predominant water channel in the mammalian brain and is mainly expressed in the perivascular glial endfeet at the brain-blood interface. Based on studies on AQP4(-/-) mice, AQP4 has been assigned physiological roles in stimulus-induced K+ clearance, paravascular fluid flow, and brain edema formation. Conflicting data have been presented on the role of AQP4 in K+ clearance and associated extracellular space shrinkage and on the stroke-induced alterations of AQP4 expression levels during edema formation, raising questions about the functional importance of AQP4 in these (patho)physiological aspects. Phosphorylation-dependent gating of AQP4 has been proposed as a regulatory mechanism for AQP4-mediated osmotic water transport. This paradigm was, however, recently challenged by experimental evidence and molecular dynamics simulations. Regulatory patterns and physiological roles for AQP4 thus remain to be fully explored.