Gonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone identification, cDNA cloning, and distribution in rhesus macaque brain
Gonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone identification, cDNA cloning, and distribution in rhesus macaque brain
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.22191
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
T. Ubuka;H. Lai;M. Kitani;Akane Suzuuchi;V. Pham;Penelope A Cadigan;Ariel Wang;V. S. Chowdhury
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Ubuka;H. Lai;M. Kitani;Akane Suzuuchi;V. Pham;Penelope A Cadigan;Ariel Wang;V. S. Chowdhury
促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH）是一种下丘脑神经肽，通过抑制垂体前腺分泌促性腺激素来调节鸟类和哺乳动物的生殖生理。GnIH还可以直接抑制生殖行为，可能是通过大脑内的作用。识别GnIH神经元和纤维的分布可能为我们提供大脑如何控制动物生殖活动的线索。在这里，我们描述了恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）大脑中GnIH神经元的位置和连通性。我们测定了猕猴GnIH前体mRNA，并通过质谱结合免疫亲和纯化进一步鉴定了成熟的GnIH肽（SGRNMEVSLVRQVLNLPQRF‐NH2）。通过原位杂交和免疫细胞化学测定，大多数GnIH前体mRNA阳性和GnIH免疫反应（GnIH - ir）细胞体定位于下丘脑的中间心室周围核（IPe）。在脑端终纹核中观察到丰富的GnIH - ir纤维；丘脑缰核、室旁核、视前区、下丘脑室旁核、IPe、下丘脑弓状核、间脑正中隆起、下丘脑背区；上丘内侧区、中脑中心灰质、中脑中缝背核；臂旁核在桥上。GnIH - ir纤维分别位于视前区、IPe、下丘脑弓状核和中脑中央灰色物质的促性腺激素释放激素- I、多巴胺、β -内啡肽和促性腺激素释放激素- II神经元附近。因此，GnIH神经元除了调节垂体促性腺激素的释放外，还可能调节几个神经系统。中国生物医学工程学报，2009,17(5):841 - 855。©2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc。
Gonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that modulates the reproductive physiology of birds and mammals by inhibiting gonadotropin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. GnIH can also directly inhibit reproductive behaviors, possibly via action within the brain. Identification of the distribution of GnIH neurons and fibers may provide us with clues to how the brain controls reproductive activities of the animal. Here, we characterized the location and connectivity of GnIH neurons in the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) brain. We determined the macaque GnIH precursor mRNA, and further identified a mature GnIH peptide (SGRNMEVSLVRQVLNLPQRF‐NH2) by mass spectrometry combined with immunoaffinity purification. The majority of GnIH precursor mRNA‐positive and GnIH‐immunoreactive (GnIH‐ir) cell bodies were localized in the intermediate periventricular nucleus (IPe) in the hypothalamus, as determined by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Abundant GnIH‐ir fibers were observed in the nucleus of the stria terminalis in the telencephalon; habenular nucleus, paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, IPe, arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus, median eminence and dorsal hypothalamic area in the diencephalon; medial region of the superior colliculus, central gray substance of the midbrain and dorsal raphe nucleus in the midbrain; and parabrachial nucleus in the pons. GnIH‐ir fibers were observed in close proximity to gonadotropin‐releasing hormone‐I, dopamine, β‐endorphin, and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone‐II neurons in the preoptic area, IPe, arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus, and central gray substance of midbrain, respectively. GnIH neurons might thus regulate several neural systems in addition to pituitary gonadotropin release. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:841–855, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.