Effects of physical interventions on house dust mite allergen levels in carpet, bed, and upholstery dust in low-income, urban homes.
Effects of physical interventions on house dust mite allergen levels in carpet, bed, and upholstery dust in low-income, urban homes.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.01109815
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发表时间：
2001-08
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Zeldin DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vojta PJ;Randels SP;Stout J;Muilenberg M;Burge HA;Lynn H;Mitchell H;O'Connor GT;Zeldin DC
屋尘螨过敏原暴露是过敏性致敏、哮喘发展和哮喘发病的假定风险因素;然而，从低收入城市家庭环境中减轻这些过敏原的实用有效方法仍然难以捉摸。本研究的目的是评估物理干预的可行性和有效性，以减轻屋尘螨过敏原在这种情况下。在床、卧室地毯和/或软垫家具中具有高水平的屋尘螨过敏原（通过酶联免疫吸附测定，Der f 1 + Der p 1 >或= 10微克/克灰尘）的家庭被纳入研究。地毯和软垫家具进行单一的处理，要么干蒸汽清洁加真空（地毯）或单独强烈真空。床的干预措施包括床垫、弹簧床垫和枕头的完全包裹，以及每周专业或家庭清洗未包裹的床上用品。在基线时和治疗后3天（仅地毯和室内装潢）和2、4和8周时再次收集灰尘样品。我们比较了治疗前平均变应原浓度和负荷与治疗后值，并在调整治疗前平均值差异后进行组间分析。干蒸汽清洁加真空和单独真空导致地毯屋尘螨过敏原浓度和负荷的显著降低（p < 0.05）。在强化真空组中，水平在治疗后4周接近治疗前值，而蒸汽清洁加真空影响持续长达8周的下降。在床屋尘螨过敏原浓度和负载显着下降，得到了响应装箱和无论是专业或在家里清洗（p < 0.001）。组间分析显示，与家庭清洗床相比，专业清洗床的干预后屋尘螨变应原负荷显著减少（p < 0.05）。强烈的真空吸尘和干蒸汽清洁都导致软垫家具样品中过敏原浓度和负荷的显着降低（p < 0.005）。基于这些数据，我们得出结论，物理干预提供了实际的，有效的手段，降低屋尘螨过敏原水平在低收入，城市家庭环境。
House dust mite allergen exposure is a postulated risk factor for allergic sensitization, asthma development, and asthma morbidity; however, practical and effective methods to mitigate these allergens from low-income, urban home environments remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of physical interventions to mitigate house dust mite allergens in this setting. Homes with high levels of house dust mite allergen (Der f 1 + Der p 1 > or = 10 microg/g dust by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in the bed, bedroom carpet, and/or upholstered furniture were enrolled in the study. Carpets and upholstered furniture were subjected to a single treatment of either dry steam cleaning plus vacuuming (carpet only) or intensive vacuuming alone. Bed interventions consisted of complete encasement of the mattress, box spring, and pillows plus either weekly professional or in-home laundering of nonencased bedding. Dust samples were collected at baseline and again at 3 days (carpet and upholstery only) and 2, 4, and 8 weeks posttreatment. We compared pretreatment mean allergen concentrations and loads to posttreatment values and performed between-group analyses after adjusting for differences in the pretreatment means. Both dry steam cleaning plus vacuuming and vacuuming alone resulted in a significant reduction in carpet house dust mite allergen concentration and load (p < 0.05). Levels approached pretreatment values by 4 weeks posttreatment in the intensive vacuuming group, whereas steam cleaning plus vacuuming effected a decrease that persisted for up to 8 weeks. Significant decreases in bed house dust mite allergen concentration and load were obtained in response to encasement and either professional or in-home laundering (p < 0.001). Between-group analysis revealed significantly less postintervention house dust mite allergen load in professionally laundered compared to home-laundered beds (p < 0.05). Intensive vacuuming and dry steam cleaning both caused a significant reduction in allergen concentration and load in upholstered furniture samples (p < 0.005). Based on these data, we conclude that physical interventions offer practical, effective means of reducing house dust mite allergen levels in low-income, urban home environments.