The reproductive toxicology of Great Lakes contaminants
The reproductive toxicology of Great Lakes contaminants
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DOI：
10.2307/3432724
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Foster, WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, WG
五大湖盆地是一个人口稠密、工业化程度高的地区，在该地区发现了大量的环境污染物。科学界和公众都表示担心，五大湖中存在的污染物可能会对人类生殖构成不必要的风险。来自动物实验、野生动物研究以及人类职业和意外暴露报告的证据表明，化学污染物会对生殖产生不利影响。这篇论文的目的是审查一些已知存在于五大湖中的污染物的生殖毒性。由于五大湖中存在的化学物质的数量太多，无法在这里进行充分的审查，因此讨论将仅限于从五大湖地区居民的血清、卵巢卵泡液和精液中识别出的那些污染物：a)现有的数据太有限，不能支持这样的观点，即暴露在五大湖中的化学物质损害了普通人群的生殖；b)在某些情况下，如六氯乙烷和1，2，4-三氯苯，缺乏数据确实提供了令人担忧的理由，并强调了在这一领域进行进一步研究的必要性；以及c)许多化合物，包括多氯联苯和1，1，1-三氯-2，2-双(对氯苯基)乙烷，有可能扰乱内分泌功能，这表明这些化合物的相加或协同作用可能已经对敏感个体的生殖造成不利影响，需要加以探讨。
The Great Lakes basin is characterized as a heavily populated and industrialized region in which a large number of environmental contaminants have been identified. Both the scientific community and the public have voiced concern that contaminants present in the Great Lakes may pose undue risk to human reproduction. Evidence from animal experiments, wildlife studies, and reports of occupational and accidental human exposures indicate that chemical contaminants can adversely affect reproduction. The purpose of this paper is to review the reproductive toxicity of some of the many contaminants known to be present in the Great Lakes. Since the number of chemicals present in ?he Great Lakes is far too great for each to be adequately reviewed here, discussion will be limited to those contaminants that have been identified in human serum, ovarian follicular fluid, and semen obtained from people residing in the Great Lakes region: It is concluded that a) the data al present is too limited to support the notion that reproduction, in the general population, has been impaired by exposure to chemicals present in the Great Lakes; b) the lack of data in some cases such as for hexachloroethane and 1,2,4-trichlobenzene does provide reason for concern and underscores the need for further research in this area; and c) the potential for a number of the compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT), to disrupt endocrine functions suggests that additive or synergistic effects of these compounds may already be causing adverse effects on reproduction in sensitive individuals, which needs to be explored.