The effects of meritocracy beliefs on women's well-being after first-time gender discrimination
The effects of meritocracy beliefs on women's well-being after first-time gender discrimination
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DOI：
10.1177/0146167205278709
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Tsarfati, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, MD;Tsarfati, EM
这项研究探讨了精英主义信念如何使女性免受严重性别歧视的负面心理影响。尽管一些研究间接表明，相信精英管理的存在可能会增加幸福感，但群体意识理论表明，不相信精英管理的存在会增强对性别歧视的心理适应。那些报告说过去几乎没有遭受歧视的经历，并且相信或不相信存在精英管理的妇女，要么面临着实验室的歧视情况，要么处于非歧视失败（控制）的情况下。与群体意识理论一致，遭受歧视的女性如果不相信精英管理的存在，就会比相信精英管理的女性幸福感更高。相比之下，如果处于对照状态的女性相信精英统治的存在，那么她们的幸福感就会比不相信精英统治的女性要高。讨论了应对歧视的影响。
This study examined how meritocracy beliefs may buffer women from the negative psychological effects of an acute situation of gender discrimination. Although some research indirectly suggests that believing that meritocracy exists may increase wellbeing, group consciousness theories suggest that disbelieving that meritocracy exists will enhance psychological adjustment to gender discrimination. Women who reported little past experience with discrimination, and either believed or disbelieved that meritocracy exists, were exposed to either a laboratory situation of discrimination or a nondiscrimination failure (control) condition. Consistent with group consciousness theories, women experiencing discrimination reported greater well-being if they disbelieved that meritocracy exists than if they were believers. In contrast, women in the control condition reported greater wellbeing if they believed that meritocracy exists than if they were disbelievers. Implications for coping with discrimination are discussed.