Selecting appropriate methods of knowledge synthesis to inform biodiversity policy
Selecting appropriate methods of knowledge synthesis to inform biodiversity policy
复制标题
选择适当的知识综合方法来为生物多样性政策提供信息
DOI：
10.1007/s10531-016-1131-9
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
H. Wittmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Pullin;G. Frampton;R. Jongman;C. Kohl;B. Livoreil;Alexandra Lux;G. Pataki;G. Petrokofsky;Aranka Podhora;H. Saarikoski;Luis Santamaría;Stefan Schindler;I. Sousa;M. Vandewalle;H. Wittmer
应对生物多样性和生态系统服务政策或管理产生的不同问题需要不同形式的知识（例如科学知识、经验知识）和知识综合。此外，综合方法需要适合政策背景（例如问题类型、预算、时间框架、产出类型、所需的科学严谨性）。在本文中，我们提出了一系列不同的方法，可以用来进行知识综合，以应对决策者对生物多样性和生态系统服务政策和管理的知识需求所产生的问题。通过一系列由自然和社会科学家和决策者参加的研讨会，我们汇编了一系列问题类型，不同的政策背景和潜在的知识综合方法。方法来自自然科学和社会科学领域，反映了可能与综合相关的问题和研究类型的范围。知识可以是定性或定量形式，在某些情况下也可以是混合形式。所有的方法都有自己的优点和缺点，我们讨论这些样本来说明多样性的必要性和适当选择的重要性。为了总结这个集合，我们提出了一个表，确定潜在的方法匹配的问题类型和政策背景的不同组合，旨在帮助团队进行知识综合选择适当的方法。
Responding to different questions generated by biodiversity and ecosystem services policy or management requires different forms of knowledge (e.g. scientific, experiential) and knowledge synthesis. Additionally, synthesis methods need to be appropriate to policy context (e.g. question types, budget, timeframe, output type, required scientific rigour). In this paper we present a range of different methods that could potentially be used to conduct a knowledge synthesis in response to questions arising from knowledge needs of decision makers on biodiversity and ecosystem services policy and management. Through a series of workshops attended by natural and social scientists and decision makers we compiled a range of question types, different policy contexts and potential methodological approaches to knowledge synthesis. Methods are derived from both natural and social sciences fields and reflect the range of question and study types that may be relevant for syntheses. Knowledge can be available either in qualitative or quantitative form and in some cases also mixed. All methods have their strengths and weaknesses and we discuss a sample of these to illustrate the need for diversity and importance of appropriate selection. To summarize this collection, we present a table that identifies potential methods matched to different combinations of question types and policy contexts, aimed at assisting teams undertaking knowledge syntheses to select appropriate methods.