Mammographic densities as a marker of human breast cancer risk and their use in chemoprevention.
Mammographic densities as a marker of human breast cancer risk and their use in chemoprevention.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11912-001-0083-7
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Yaffe, M J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyd, N F;Martin, L J;Yaffe, M J
乳房X线片上乳房实质模式的差异反映了乳房中间质、上皮和脂肪组织的数量的差异。间质和上皮放射密度高，而脂肪透亮。广泛的乳房X光检查致密的乳腺组织与乳腺癌风险的增加密切相关。各种干预措施，包括促性腺激素释放激素抑制剂、他莫昔芬、停止激素替代疗法(HRT)，以及采用低脂肪、高碳水化合物饮食，都会影响乳房的组织组成，降低乳房X光摄影密度。在迄今检查的干预措施中，只有他莫昔芬被证明至少在短期内可以降低乳腺癌的发病率。相反，HRT会增加密度，也会增加患乳腺癌的风险。这些结果表明，乳房X线摄影密度可能是乳腺癌潜在预防干预措施对乳房影响的短期标志。
Differences in the parenchymal pattern of the breast on mammography reflect differences in the amounts of stromal, epithelial, and fat tissue present in the breast. Stroma and epithelium are radiologically dense, whereas fat is lucent. Extensive areas of mammographically dense breast tissue are strongly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. A variety of interventions, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone inhibitor, tamoxifen, stopping hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and adopting a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet, all influence the tissue composition of the breast and reduce mammographic densities. Of the interventions examined to date, only tamoxifen has been shown to reduce the incidence of breast cancer, at least in the short term. Conversely, HRT, which increases density, also increases risk of breast cancer. These results suggest that mammographic density may be a short-term marker of the effect on the breast of potential preventive interventions for breast cancer.