International development institutions and national economic contexts: neo-liberalism encounters India’s indigenous political traditions
International development institutions and national economic contexts: neo-liberalism encounters India’s indigenous political traditions
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国际发展机构和国家经济背景：新自由主义遭遇印度本土政治传统
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发表时间：
2003
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通讯作者：
R. Jenkins
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Jenkins
以印度为例，自1991年以来，印度一直在进行一项影响深远的市场导向改革方案，本文认为，世界银行和其他跨国发展行为体一直无法充分调整自己，以适应影响经济自由化可持续性的本土意识形态传统。虽然市场越来越嵌入到制度层面，但它们并没有实现所谓的“意识形态嵌入”。本文绘制了印度市场改革者面临的意识形态背景，一方面，swadeshi（一种本土形式的经济民族主义）的想法，另一方面，在印度政治的三种竞争力量之间的关系。本文最后认为，这是这些政治力量之间的相互反感，而不是任何swadeshi的戒律和嵌入式市场框架之间的根本不相容，阻止像世界银行这样的组织从适应swadeshi作为一个本土的基础上制定其方法，以市场嵌入。
Drawing on the case of India, which since 1991 has been undergoing a far-reaching programme of market-oriented reform, this paper argues that the World Bank and other transnational development actors have been unable to adjust themselves sufficiently to indigenous ideological traditions that affect the sustainability of economic liberalization. While markets are becoming increasingly embedded at the level of institutions, they are not achieving what might be termed ‘ideological embeddedness’. The paper maps the ideological context facing market reformers in India by looking at the relationship between, on the one hand, the idea of swadeshi (an indigenous form of economic nationalism), and on the other, three competing forces in Indian politics. The paper concludes by arguing that it is the mutual antipathy among these political forces, rather than any fundamental incompatibility between swadeshi’s precepts and the embedded-market framework, that prevents organizations like the World Bank from adapting swadeshi as an indigenous basis for framing its approach to market embeddedness.