The functional role of central and peripheral vision in the control of posture
The functional role of central and peripheral vision in the control of posture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.humov.2005.10.014
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Imanaka, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berencsi, A;Ishihara, M;Imanaka, K
三个实验进行了调查的作用，中央和周边视觉（CV和PV）的姿势控制。在实验1中，无论是中央或周边视野选择性刺激使用圆形随机点图案，无论是静态的或交替在5赫兹。使用足底压力中心（CoP）检查CV和PV条件下安静站立时的姿势摇摆。结果表明，当视觉刺激呈现在周边时，CoP面积减少，并且在前后（AP）方向上比在内外（ML）方向上更明显，表明特征性的方向特异性。静态和动态（交替）条件之间无显著差异。实验2调查的方向特异性的身体摇摆实验1中发现的躯干要么面向刺激显示器或垂直于它，与头部始终面向显示器。结果表明，周边视觉的稳定作用存在于刺激观察方向（即，头部/注视方向），而与躯干方向无关。这表明朝向刺激呈现的头部/注视方向，而不是生物力学因素，如踝关节在A-P方向上的移动性大于ML方向，对姿势稳定性至关重要。实验3进一步研究了在实验1和2中发现的周边视觉的稳定效果是否是由于在两种条件下呈现相同数量的点（20个点）时，作为视觉线索呈现给周边视野的点（500个点）比呈现给中央视野的点（20个点）多。结果发现，尽管相同数量的点，姿势摇摆幅度较大的中央视觉条件比周边视觉条件。总之，本研究表明，周边视觉而不是中央视觉有助于保持稳定的站立姿势，姿势摇摆在刺激观察方向或头部/注视方向上的影响大于躯干方向，这表明周边视觉主要在以观察者为中心的参照系中操作，该参照系的特征在于头部/注视方向，而不是身体。以身体的解剖平面为特征的中心参照系。(c)2005 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Three experiments were conducted to investigate the role of central and peripheral vision (CV and PV) in postural control. In Experiment 1, either the central or peripheral visual field were selectively stimulated using a circular random dot pattern that was either static or alternated at 5 Hz. Center of foot pressure (CoP) was used to examine postural sway during quiet standing under both CV and PV conditions. The results showed that, when the visual stimulus was presented in the periphery, the CoP area decreased and more so in the anterior-posterior (AP) than in the medio-lateral (ML) direction, indicating a characteristic directional specificity. There was no significant difference between the static and dynamic (alternating) conditions. Experiment 2 investigated the directional specificity of body sway found in Experiment 1 by having the trunk either be faced toward the stimulus display or perpendicularly to it, with the head always facing the display. The results showed that the stabilizing effect of peripheral vision was present in the direction of stimulus observation (i.e., the head/gaze direction), irrespective of trunk orientation. This suggested that head/gaze direction toward the stimulus presentation, rather than a biomechanical factor like greater mobility of the ankle joint in A-P direction than in ML direction, was essential to postural stability. Experiment 3 further examined whether the stabilizing effect of peripheral vision found in Experiments 1 and 2 was caused because more dots (500) were presented as visual cues to the peripheral visual field than to the central visual field (20 dots) by presenting the same number of dots (20) in both conditions. It was found that, in spite of the equal number of dots, the postural sway amplitudes were larger for the central vision conditions than for the peripheral vision conditions. In conclusion, the present study showed that peripheral rather than central vision contributes to maintaining a stable standing posture, with postural sway being influenced more in the direction of stimulus observation, or head/gaze direction, than in the direction of trunk orientation, which suggests that peripheral vision operates primarily in a viewer-centered frame of reference characterized by the head/gaze direction rather than in a body-centered frame of reference characterized by the anatomical planes of the body. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.