iPS cell technologies and cartilage regeneration

iPS cell technologies and cartilage regeneration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bone.2014.07.011
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
BONE
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Yamashita, Akihiro
Yamashita, Akihiro
中科院分区：
医学2区
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsumaki, Noriyuki;Okada, Minoru;Yamashita, Akihiro

文献摘要

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关节软骨覆盖在骨端，为腹股沟关节提供减震和润滑。软骨在受伤时修复能力有限，需要软骨细胞的细胞来源，作为再生医学方法的一部分进行移植。诱导多能干细胞(IPSCs)与胚胎干细胞(ESCs)相似，具有多能性和自我更新的潜力，但与困扰ESCs的伦理问题无关。最近的进展使产生无整合的IPSCs和将IPSCs分化为软骨细胞成为可能。正在开发一种IPSC文库，该文库由针对常见HLA型的纯合子捐赠者制备，将能够以低成本提供能够覆盖大多数人群的同种异体IPSC来源的软骨细胞。作为一种。另一种方法是，可以直接从真皮成纤维细胞诱导出软骨细胞，而不需要经过IPSC阶段。IPSC技术的另一个重要应用是对软骨疾病进行建模，例如骨骼发育不良。从患者体内产生的软骨分化的IPSCs将概括病理，并可能成为探索疾病机制和药物筛选的有用平台。本文是题为“干细胞与骨”的特刊的一部分。(C)2014 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Articular cartilage covers the ends of bone and provides shock absorption and lubrication to the diarthrodial joints. Cartilage has a limited capacity for repair when injured, and there is a need for cell sources for chondrocytes that can be transplanted as part of a regenerative medicine approach. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have pluripotency and the potential for self-renewal similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but are not associated with the ethical issues that have plagued ESCs. Recent progress has made it possible to generate integration-free iPSCs and to differentiate iPSCs toward chondrocytes. An iPSC library prepared from donors homozygous for common HLA types is being developed, and will be able to provide allogeneic iPSC-derived chondrocytes at low cost that can cover the majority of the population. As an. alternative approach, chondrocytic cells can be induced directly from dermal fibroblasts without going through the iPSC stage. Another important application of the iPSC technology is modeling cartilage diseases, such as skeletal dysplasia. Chondrogenically differentiated iPSCs generated from patients would recapitulate the pathology, and may serve as a useful platform both for exploring the disease mechanisms and for drug screening. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Stem Cells and Bone". (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.