Granular electrostatics: Progress and outstanding questions
Granular electrostatics: Progress and outstanding questions
复制标题
颗粒静电学：进展和突出问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Shinbrot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Shinbrot
每个物理学家在研究生学习的第一年学习静电学，并了解到电场是电荷贡献的线性叠加，每个电荷都服从1/r2定律。每个物理学家也研究经典力学，并了解到在1/r2场中的三个或更多物体的问题本质上是非线性的。这两种教义之间的矛盾很少被评论。在本文中，我概述了什么是已知的，什么是相信的，什么仍然是完全未知的多个电极化或带电粒子的行为。我发现，在经典力学中认识到的非线性导致高度复杂的动态时，粒子被允许在电场的存在下采取行动。我描述了几个简单的问题，这些问题导致了我们无法理解的效应，我的结论是，与我们知道存在但无法解释的效应相比，我们所知道和相信的是微不足道的。
Every physicist studies electrostatics in the first year of graduate study, and learns that the electric field is a linear superposition of contributions from charges, each of which obeys a 1/r2 law. Every physicist also studies classical mechanics, and learns that the problem of three or more bodies in a 1/r2 field is intrinsically nonlinear. The contradiction between these two teachings is seldom commented upon. In this paper, I overview what is known, what is believed, and what remains entirely unknown about the behaviors of multiple electrically polarized or charged particles. I show that the nonlinearity recognized in classical mechanics leads to highly complex dynamics when particles are permitted to act in the presence of electric fields. I describe several simple problems that lead to effects that are not understood in any way, and I conclude with the proposition that what we know and believe are insignificant compared with the effects that we know to exist but cannot explain.