Massive Migrations? The Impact of Recent aDNA Studies on our View of Third Millennium Europe
Massive Migrations? The Impact of Recent aDNA Studies on our View of Third Millennium Europe
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/eaa.2017.43
复制
发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Furholt, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furholt, Martin
新的人类DNA研究再次将流动性和移民在塑造欧洲史前社会现象中的作用推到了最前沿，而最近的考古学理论框架将这一过程淡化为与传统文化历史相关的过时的解释性概念。虽然这些新的遗传数据为史前欧洲的人口历史提供了新的见解，但它们的解释和呈现方式经常让人回想起传统文化历史考古学的某些方面，这些方面在 20 世纪 70 年代到 90 年代受到了正确的批评。它们包括这样的观点：共享的物质文化表明对同一社会群体或文化的共同参与，并且这些文化构成一维的、同质的和明确界限的社会实体。由于新的 aDNA 数据被用来创建描述大规模移民的生动叙述，所谓的文化群体再次被比作人类群体，并反过来作为社会文化变革的外部驱动力而焕发活力。在这里，我主张对分子数据进行更细致的考虑，更明确地纳入人类学信息的流动性和迁移模型。
New human aDNA studies have once again brought to the forefront the role of mobility and migration in shaping social phenomena in European prehistory, processes that recent theoretical frameworks in archaeology have downplayed as an outdated explanatory notion linked to traditional culture history. While these new genetic data have provided new insights into the population history of prehistoric Europe, they are frequently interpreted and presented in a manner that recalls aspects of traditional culture-historical archaeology that were rightly criticized through the 1970s to the 1990s. They include the idea that shared material culture indicates shared participation in the same social group, or culture, and that these cultures constitute one-dimensional, homogeneous, and clearly bounded social entities. Since the new aDNA data are used to create vivid narratives describing massive migrations', the so-called cultural groups are once again likened to human populations and in turn revitalized as external drivers for socio-cultural change. Here, I argue for a more nuanced consideration of molecular data that more explicitly incorporates anthropologically informed mobility and migration models.