Review on North Pacific Subtropical Countercurrents and Subtropical Fronts: role of mode waters in ocean circulation and climate
Review on North Pacific Subtropical Countercurrents and Subtropical Fronts: role of mode waters in ocean circulation and climate
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DOI：
10.1007/s10872-011-0083-7
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
F. Kobashi;Atsushi Kubokawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Kobashi;Atsushi Kubokawa
副热带逆流(STCC)是位于副热带环流赤道一侧的一股狭窄的向东急流，与宽阔的向西Sverdrup气流相逆流。结合理论，最近增强的观测和模式模拟揭示了模式水在北太平洋STCC的形成和变化中的重要性。北太平洋有三个不同的STCC，由模式水从北方携带的低位涡(PV)维持。模式模拟结果表明，模式水通风量的变化会导致海温的年际、年代际变化和长期变化。STCC通过其表面热效应影响大气，引起异常的气旋性旋风卷曲和沿其的降水。因此，模式水不仅是被动水团，而且具有动力和气候效应。对于时间变异性，除了模式水域的变异性外，大气强迫也是重要的。STCC存在于其他海洋中，它们的两边也有模式水，这表明它们是由类似的动力学机制维持的。
A Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) is a narrow eastward jet on the equator side of a subtropical gyre, flowing against the broad westward Sverdrup flow. Together with theories, recent enhanced observations and model simulations have revealed the importance of mode waters in the formation and variability of North Pacific STCCs. There are three distinct STCCs in the North Pacific, maintained by low potential vorticity (PV) that mode waters carry from the north. Model simulations show that changes in mode water ventilation result in interannual to interdecadal variations and long-term changes of STCCs. STCCs affect the atmosphere through their surface thermal effects, inducing anomalous cyclonic wind curl and precipitation along them. Thus, mode waters are not merely passive water masses but have dynamical and climatic effects. For temporal variability, atmospheric forcings are also suggested to be important in addition to the variability of mode waters. STCCs exist in other oceans and they are also flanked by mode waters on their poleward sides, suggesting that they are maintained by similar dynamics.