Cultivation/depensation effects on juvenile survival and recruitment: implications for the theory of fishing
Cultivation/depensation effects on juvenile survival and recruitment: implications for the theory of fishing
复制标题
耕种/放养对幼鱼生存和补充的影响：对捕捞理论的影响
DOI：
10.1139/f00-160
复制
发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
J. Kitchell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Walters;J. Kitchell
作为许多渔业基础的大型优势鱼种可能自然会如此成功，部分原因是“养殖效应”，即成鱼砍下作为其幼鱼潜在竞争对手/捕食者的饲料物种。当成虫数量因捕捞而严重减少时，这种影响意味着相反的影响：饲料种类的增加可能会导致滞后的、明显是非依赖性的幼体存活率下降。然后，去感化效应可能会推迟或阻止库存重建。养殖效应显然在淡水社区很常见，也可能是在一些主要海洋种群，如纽芬兰大西洋鳕鱼(Gadus Morhua)严重下降后，招募成功率较低的原因。非补偿影响的风险应是招聘研究的一个主要目标，管理政策的目标应是在渔业发展相关的成鱼种群下降期间收集的招聘数据基础上，使产卵丰度大大高于先前假定的必要水平。
Large, dominant fish species that are the basis of many fisheries may be naturally so successful due partly to "cultivation effects," where adults crop down forage species that are potential competitors/predators of their own juveniles. Such effects imply a converse impact when adult abundance is severely reduced by fishing: increases in forage species may then cause lagged, apparently depensatory decreases in juvenile survival. Depensatory effects can then delay or prevent stock rebuilding. Cultivation effects are apparently common in freshwater communities and may also explain low recruitment success following severe declines of some major marine stocks such as Newfoundland Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Risk of depensatory effects should be a major target of recruitment research, and management policies should aim for considerably higher spawning abundances than has previously been assumed necessary based on recruitment data collected during adult stock declines associated with fishery development.