The salience of gender and the process of sex typing in three- to seven-year-old children.
The salience of gender and the process of sex typing in three- to seven-year-old children.
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三到七岁儿童的性别显着性和性别分类过程。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Carol Sprafkin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Serbin;Carol Sprafkin
丽莎·塞尔宾，SPRAFKIN，CAROL。3 - 7岁儿童的性别显著性和性别分类过程。《儿童发展》，1986年，第57期，第1188-1199页。制定了2项衡量儿童使用性别作为一个图式维度的措施，1项衡量基于性别的分类，另一项反映了在有其他图式基础可供选择的情况下，儿童使用性别维度作出个人归属选择的程度。2个样本，共147名3-7岁的男孩和女孩，测试的2个措施的性别显着性，建立基于性别的分类和归属的发展模式。与性别角色的知识和性别观念的关系，并与措施的性别角色通过，也进行了研究。Guttman量表分析证实了发展序列中的下降，基于性别的分类后发生的性别角色知识的活动和职业的收购。此外，一旦基于性别的分类发生下降，儿童开始表现出更多的认知灵活性对性别角色的态度。与此相反，使用的性别维度，使个人归属的选择并没有随着年龄的增长而下降，但似乎反映了性别分型程度的个体差异。由于这些不同的潜在认知过程，在这一时期，孩子对性别角色的了解与孩子的态度和行为的性别类型之间似乎没有什么关系。
SERBIN, LISA A., and SPRAFKIN, CAROL. The Salience of Gender and the Process of Sex Typing in Threeto Seven-Year-Old Children. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1986, 57, 1188-1199. 2 measures of children's use of gender as a schematic dimension were developed, 1 measuring gender-based categorization, the other reflecting the degree to which children use the gender dimension to make personal affiliation choices when other schematic bases for responding are available. 2 samples, totaling 147 boys and girls aged 3-7, were tested on the 2 measures of gender salience to establish developmental patterns of gender-based categorization and affiliation. Relations with sex-role knowledge and gender concepts, and with measures of sex-role adoption, were also examined. A Guttman Scale analysis confirmed the developmental sequence in which a decline in gender-based categorization occurred after sex-role knowledge regarding activities and occupations was acquired. Further, once the decline in gender-based categorization occurred, children began to show more cognitive flexibility on a measure of sex-role attitudes. In contrast, use of the gender dimension to make personal affiliation choices did not decline with age but seemed to reflect individual differences in degree of sex typing. Because of these distinct underlying cognitive processes, there seems to be little relation between what a child knows about sex roles and how sex typed the child's attitudes and behavior will be during this period.