Stigmatizing Experiences of Parents of Children With a New Diagnosis of ADHD
Stigmatizing Experiences of Parents of Children With a New Diagnosis of ADHD
复制标题
DOI：
10.1176/ps.2010.61.8.811
复制
发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Charach, Alice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
dosReis, Susan;Barksdale, Crystal L.;Charach, Alice
目的：一个孩子的父母谁收到了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的初步诊断的经验进行了检查，以确定他们可能遇到的污名化的情况。研究方法：48名6至18岁儿童的父母接受了采访，了解他们导致孩子ADHD诊断的经历，包括他们寻求治疗的决定。所有的采访记录，转录，并使用扎根理论方法进行分析。通过不断的比较方法确定了代码，从而产生了理论上界定的污名主题结构。结果：77%的样本注意到了污名化的经历。近一半（N=21，44%）的人担心社会如何给他们的孩子贴上标签，40%（N=19）的人感到社会孤立和排斥，21%（N=10）的人认为医疗保健专业人员和学校工作人员对他们的担忧不屑一顾。父母对ADHD治疗的态度是由他们接触负面媒体（N=10，21%），他们对医学评估的不信任（N=8，17%）和公众观点的影响（N=3，6%）形成的。这些污名化的观点与父母担心诊断和治疗会对孩子的自尊和未来成功的机会产生影响有关。结论：研究中父母经历耻辱的方式范围突出了社区外展和公共卫生计划的多个视角的必要性，这些项目旨在解决和消除心理健康耻辱。尽管耻辱是使用心理健康服务的一个既定障碍，但治疗的预期益处可能超过父母的耻辱经历。（精神病学服务61：811-816，2010）
Objective: The experiences of parents of a child who received an initial diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined to determine the ways in which they may have encountered stigmatizing situations. Methods: Forty-eight parents of children aged six to 18 years were interviewed about their experiences leading up to their child's ADHD diagnosis, including their decisions to seek treatment. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory methods. Codes were identified using a constant comparative approach, which led to theoretically defined thematic constructs of stigma. Results: Stigmatizing experiences were noted by 77% of the sample. Nearly half (N=21, 44%) were concerned about how society would label their child, 40% (N=19) felt social isolation and rejection, and 21% (N=10) perceived health care professionals and school personnel as being dismissive of their concerns. Parents' own attitudes about ADHD treatment were shaped by their exposure to negative media (N=10, 21%), their mistrust of medical assessments (N=8, 17%), and the influence of general public views (N=3, 6%). These stigmatizing views were related to parental concerns about the impact that diagnosis and treatment would have on their child's self-esteem and opportunities for future success. Conclusions: The range of ways in which parents in the study experienced stigma highlights the need for multiple perspectives for community outreach and public health programs that are aimed at addressing and eliminating mental health stigma. Even though stigma is a well-established barrier to mental health service use, the anticipated benefits of treatment may outweigh parents' experiences with stigma. (Psychiatric Services 61:811-816, 2010)