Work in artificial cold environments.
Work in artificial cold environments.
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在人造寒冷环境中工作。
DOI：
10.2114/jpa.24.73
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Tochihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Tochihara
冷库作为一种典型的人工冷环境，主要从野外和实验研究两个方面对冷库作业的生理特性进行了综述。日本全国约有4,000家冷库，其中85%的冷库温度保持在-20摄氏度以下。虽然每次停留在冷库的冷暴露的持续时间很短，叉车工人进入冷库非常频繁。冷应激和工人工作表现的下降与连续暴露于寒冷中相同。由于夜间受试者的外周皮肤温度高于下午，因此他们在夜间不太可能感到寒冷或疼痛。然而，直肠温度和手动性能明显下降。对于那些在夜间工作的人来说，体温过低和事故的风险都增加了。然而，冷库工人通过每天重复的寒冷暴露来适应寒冷。
The physiological characteristics of work in cold stores, as a typical artificial cold environment, are reviewed mainly from our various field and experimental studies. There are about 4,000 cold stores in Japan, and 85% of them are kept at temperatures below -20 degrees C. Although the duration of cold exposure per stay in a cold store was very short, forklift workers entered the cold stores very frequently. Cold stress and the decrease in workers' performance were the same as for continuous exposure to cold. Since the peripheral skin temperature of subjects at night is higher than that in the afternoon, they are less likely to feel cold or pain sensation at night. However, there was a marked decrease in rectal temperature and in manual performance. There is an increased risk of both hypothermia and accidents for those who work at night. The cold store workers, however, had adapted to cold through daily repeated cold exposures.