Colour variation of a shell-brooding cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika
Colour variation of a shell-brooding cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika
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坦噶尼喀湖贝壳慈鲷的颜色变化
DOI：
10.1007/s10750-018-3717-6
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Tetsumi Takahashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takahashi Tetsumi;Nagano Atsushi J.;Kawaguchi Lina;Onikura Norio;Nakajima Jun;Miyake Takuya;Suzuki Noriyasu;Kanoh Yoshihiko;Tsuruta Tetsuya;Tanimoto Takuya;Yasui Yukio;Oshima Noriyuki;Kawamura Kouichi;Tetsumi Takahashi
矮小型的Telmatochromis temporalisuses空蜗牛壳作为避难所和产卵场所。这种变体在种群中的体色从苍白到黑暗不等。浅色个体在沙棕色背景下通过颜色匹配可能是隐蔽的，但深色个体的适应意义尚不清楚。本研究提出了两个假设的发生黑暗的个人：在黑暗中的壳内（黑暗匹配）和不规则的模式组成的壳阴影沙棕色背景（模式匹配）的隐藏。前一种假设不太可能是进化黑暗身体的主要因素，因为身体黑暗度与鱼在贝壳中停留的时间无关。身体黑暗与壳密度在他们的栖息地，支持后一种假设，因为黑暗的个人可能能够有效地混合与壳的阴影在网站，壳丰富。这项研究还发现，身体黑暗是环境诱导的，因此，这种鱼可能会改变这些反捕食者的战术（通过颜色匹配的沙棕色背景上的苍白个体和通过模式匹配的不规则阴影模式中的黑暗个体的隐藏）之间的转换，通过改变身体黑暗的壳密度。
The dwarf morph ofTelmatochromis temporalisuses empty snail shells as shelters and spawning sites. This morph varies in body colour from pale to dark within populations. Pale individuals are likely to be cryptic on sandy-brown backgrounds through colour matching, but adaptive significance of dark individuals is unknown. The present study proposes two hypotheses for the occurrence of dark individuals: crypsis in darkness inside shells (darkness matching) and crypsis in irregular patterns consisting of shell shadows on sandy-brown backgrounds (pattern matching). The former hypothesis is less likely to be the main factor evolving dark bodies, because body darkness was not correlated with the amount of time that the fish remained within shells. Body darkness was correlated with shell density in their habitats, supporting the latter hypothesis because dark individuals may be able to mingle with shell shadows effectively at sites where shells were abundant. This study also found that body darkness was environmentally induced; therefore, this fish may shift between these anti-predator tactics (crypsis of pale individuals on sandy-brown backgrounds through colour matching and crypsis of dark individuals in irregular shadow patterns through pattern matching) by changing body darkness in response to shell density.