A contrast of the three more common illnesses with the ten less common in a study and 18-month follow-up of 314 psychiatric emergency room patients. II. Characteristics of patients with the three more common illnesses.
A contrast of the three more common illnesses with the ten less common in a study and 18-month follow-up of 314 psychiatric emergency room patients. II. Characteristics of patients with the three more common illnesses.
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一项研究对 314 名精神科急诊室患者进行了 18 个月的随访，对比了三种较常见的疾病和 10 种不太常见的疾病。
DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1977.01770150027002
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发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Marten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Robins;K. Gentry;R. Muñoz;S. Marten
在314名急诊室患者的样本中诊断出的三种更常见的疾病是（按频率顺序）情感障碍（N = 135），酗酒（N = 112）和反社会人格（N = 57）。本研究描述了情感性精神障碍的发生和频率，并评估了三套独立的诊断标准的相对有用性抑郁阶段的疾病，这被认为是在三个不言自明的，相互排斥的群体，其定义取决于发病的时间顺序与其他诊断。调查结果显示，原发性情感障碍与继发性情感障碍的比例为3：2。112例酒精中毒的诊断是基于将“明确”（N = 102）与可能（N = 10）酒精中毒分开的定义标准。在首次诊断为酒精中毒的患者中，继发性情感障碍的发病率很高（38%）。第三个最常见的诊断是反社会人格，它是基于定义的标准，要求在15岁之前和之后都有特定数量的表现。只有11%的反社会人格患者接受了反社会人格的单一诊断。61%的患者额外诊断为酒精中毒。除反社会症状外，57名患者报告了74种不同的非反社会症状，支持反社会人格患者可能与其他患者一样易受神经症和精神病症状影响的结论。
The three more common illnesses diagnosed in the sample of 314 emergency room patients were (in order of frequency) affective disorder (N = 135), alcoholism (N = 112), and antisocial personality (N = 57). This study describes the occurrence and frequency of affective disorders and evaluates the relative usefulness of three separate sets of diagnostic criteria for the depressive phase of the illness, which are considered in three self-evident, mutually exclusive groups, the definition of which depends on chronology of onset in relation to other diagnoses. Findings show a 3:2 ratio of primary affective disorder to secondary affective disorder. The 112 diagnoses of alcoholism were based on defined criteria that separated "definite" (N = 102) from probable (N = 10) alcoholism. A high incidence of secondary affective disorder (38%) in patients with a first diagnosis of alcoholism is noted. The third most common diagnosis, antisocial personality, was based on defined criteria requiring a specified number of manifestations both before and after age 15 years. Only 11% of the antisocial personality patients received a single diagnosis of antisocial personality. An additional diagnosis of alcoholism occurred in 61%. Besides antisocial symptoms, the 57 patients reported 74 different nonantisocial symptoms, supporting the conclusion that antisocial personality patients may be as susceptible to neurotic and psychotic symptoms as other patients.