Investigating links between social capital and public transport
Investigating links between social capital and public transport
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DOI：
10.1080/01441640701817197
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Stanley, Janet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currie, Graham;Stanley, Janet
社会资本（SC）描述了个人和社区可以从社会参与、互助和信任中获得的优势。为社会弱势群体提供出行选择是提供公共交通的一个主要理由。尽管最近有关于交通如何解决社会排斥问题的研究，但 SC 却被忽视了。本文描述了 SC 的理论基础，并提出了该概念与公共交通规划、研究和实践相关的方式。弱势群体可能缺乏 SC、流动性和可达性。公共交通可以为这一群体提供流动性，从而为建立社交网络、信任和互惠提供更大的机会。尽管这些概念很抽象，但与“宜居城市”概念相关的增强积极社会互动的概念与 SC 理论中产生的概念之间存在看似合理的联系。根据定义，公共交通涉及与他人一起旅行，因此提供了旅行时社交互动的机会。虽然 SC 和公共交通之间存在一系列可能的联系，但这些联系不一定很牢固，因为还有其他交通选择，并且一系列土地利用和非交通替代方案可以满足社会需求。社会流动性和可达性文献已经涵盖了 SC 概念的各个方面，尽管它确实为改善弱势社区的可达性和流动性的潜在优势提供了更广泛的见解。 SC 的概念很复杂并且定义“模糊”。缺乏与测量 SC 相关的定量初步研究。衡量改善流动性选择对弱势社区可持续发展的影响将是一个值得研究的领域。尽管研究可持续发展面临着挑战，但可持续发展和旅行之间的联系提供了一个机会，可以了解公共交通如何通过为弱势社区提供流动性来解决社会弱势问题。
Social capital (SC) describes the advantage individuals and communities can gain from social participation, mutual assistance and trust. The provision of travel options for those who are socially disadvantaged is a major rationale for providing public transport. While there has been recent work on how transport can address social exclusion, SC has been overlooked. This article describes the theoretical basis of SC and suggests ways in which the concept might relate to public transport planning, research and practice. Disadvantaged groups can lack SC, mobility and accessibility. Public transport can provide mobility for this group and, in doing so, provide a greater opportunity to create social networks, trust and reciprocity. Although these concepts are abstract, plausible links are identified between the concepts of enhanced positive social interaction associated with the 'livable city' concept and those engendered in SC theory. Public transport by definition involves travelling with others and hence provides opportunities for social interaction while travelling. While a series of possible links between SC and public transport are theorized, it is unlikely these are necessarily strong since other mobility options are available and a range of land-use and non-transport alternatives can address social needs. Aspects of the SC concept are already covered by the social mobility and accessibility literature, although it does offer a wider insight into the potential advantages of improving access and mobility for disadvantaged communities. The concept of SC is complex and suffers from a 'fuzzy' definition. There is a lack of quantitative primary research associated with measuring SC. Measuring the influence of improved mobility options on SC in disadvantaged communities would be a worthwhile research area. Despite the challenges associated with researching SC, the links between SC and travel present an opportunity to understand how public transport acts to address social disadvantage through the provision of mobility to disadvantaged communities.