Intercorrelation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders among a National Sample of Drivers
Intercorrelation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders among a National Sample of Drivers
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.2017.1366605
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Furr-Holden, C. Debra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scherer, Michael;Canham, Sarah;Furr-Holden, C. Debra
这项研究调查了司机样本中酒精、大麻、可卡因和止痛药使用障碍之间的关系。我们对 2007 年全国路边调查中 16 至 87 岁的夜间司机 (n=4,277) 进行了研究，他们报告了药物使用行为并提供了酒精呼气测试。逻辑回归分析评估了（1）物质（即酒精/大麻/可卡因/止痛药）使用障碍之间的关系； (2) 人口特征； (3) BAC 水平。总体而言，13.2% 的参与者符合大麻使用障碍标准，7% 符合可卡因使用障碍标准，15.4% 符合非药物止痛药使用障碍标准。当分析自我报告数据时，出现了三个相互关联：（1）大麻使用障碍和酒精使用障碍相关； (2) 大麻使用障碍与可卡因使用障碍相关； (3)可卡因使用障碍与止痛药使用障碍相关。 BAC 数据显示，大麻和可卡因使用障碍均与 BAC 水平呈阳性相关，但只有可卡因使用障碍与 BAC 水平超过法定限度有关。结果表明，夜间司机样本中存在显着的多种物质使用障碍，并因人口特征而异。驾驶员中多种物质使用障碍对个人和公共健康造成的影响是巨大的。
This study examined the relationship between alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and painkiller use disorders in a sample of drivers. We studied nighttime drivers aged 16 to 87 (n=4,277) from the 2007 National Roadside Survey who reported substance use behaviors and provided breath tests for alcohol. Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationships between (1) substance (i.e., alcohol/marijuana/cocaine/pain killer) use disorders; (2) demographic characteristics; and (3) BAC levels. Overall, 13.2% of participants met criteria for marijuana use disorder, 7% met criteria for cocaine use disorder, and 15.4% met criteria for extra-medicinal painkiller use disorder. When self-report data were analyzed, three reciprocal associations emerged: (1) marijuana use disorders and alcohol use disorders were correlated; (2) marijuana use disorders and cocaine use disorders were correlated; and (3) cocaine use disorders and painkiller use disorders were correlated. BAC data revealed that marijuana and cocaine use disorders were both associated with positive BAC levels, but only cocaine use disorders were associated with BAC levels over the legal limit. Results suggest significant poly-substance use disorders in a sample of nighttime drivers, with variations by demographic characteristics. The individual and public health consequences of multiple substance use disorders among drivers are significant.