Role of glutamate receptors in periventricular leukomalacia
Role of glutamate receptors in periventricular leukomalacia
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DOI：
10.1177/08830738050200120401
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Jensen, FE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen, FE
脑室周围白质软化是一种白质损伤，发生在早产儿的原发性或继发性缺氧缺血。缺氧缺血诱导脑细胞外谷氨酸水平增加，从而激活白色物质内多种细胞类型上的谷氨酸受体。本文综述了谷氨酸受体在脑白质损伤和脑室周围白质软化中的作用。存在多种谷氨酸受体亚型，这些亚型似乎根据细胞类型和损伤后的时间发挥不同的作用。谷氨酸受体在神经元和神经胶质上受到发育调节，某些亚型在发育中的啮齿动物脑中短暂过表达，并在早产期在人类白色物质中的未成熟少突胶质细胞上表达。作用于谷氨酸受体的药物可能代表治疗脑室周围白质病的年龄特异性治疗策略。
Periventricular leukomalacia is a form of white-matter injury that occurs in the setting of either primary or secondary hypoxia-ischemia in the premature infant. Hypoxia-ischemia induces increases in cerebral extracellular glutamate levels, thereby activating glutamate receptors on a variety of cell types within the white matter. This review examines the evidence of a role for glutamate receptors in white-matter injury and periventricular leukomalacia. Multiple glutamate receptor subtypes exist, and these appear to play differential roles depending on cell type and time after injury. Glutamate receptors are developmentally regulated on neurons and glia, and certain subtypes are transiently overexpressed in developing rodent brain and are expressed on immature oligodendrocytes in human white matter in the premature period. Pharmacologic agents acting on glutamate receptors might represent age-specific therapeutic strategies for the treatment of periventricular leukomnalacia.