Regulation of sperm function by protein phosphatase PP1gamma2.
Regulation of sperm function by protein phosphatase PP1gamma2.
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
S. Vijayaraghavan;R. Chakrabarti;Kimberley Myers
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作者：
S. Vijayaraghavan;R. Chakrabarti;Kimberley Myers
胞内介质环AMP、钙和pH通过改变蛋白磷酸化调节精子功能。蛋白磷酸化是蛋白激酶和磷酸酶作用的最终结果。蛋白磷酸酶异构体PPlgamma2具有独特的c端延伸，在精子和睾丸中高度富集。在附睾成熟过程中，PPlgamma2的催化活性、磷酸化及其与调节蛋白的结合发生了变化。因此，PPgamma2是精子运动调节的关键蛋白；酶活性的降低与运动性的增加有关。本文综述了目前对该精子蛋白磷酸酶的认识。讨论了其调控蛋白sds22和14-3-3等的生化特性。未来的研究将阐明涉及PP1gamma2的精子信号通路，并确定PP1gamma2的独特结构是否对正常雄性配子的发育和功能至关重要。了解PP1gamma2的作用不仅有助于了解男性配子的基本功能，而且在临床男科和男性避孕药的开发中具有实际应用价值。
The intracellular mediators cyclic AMP, calcium and pH regulate sperm function through changes in protein phosphorylation. Protein phosphorylation is the net result of the actions of protein kinases and phosphatases. The protein phosphatase isoform, PPlgamma2, with a unique C-terminus extension is highly enriched in spermatozoa and testis. Changes in PPlgamma2 catalytic activity, its phosphorylation, and binding to its regulatory proteins change during epididymal maturation. Thus PPgamma2 is a key protein in sperm motility regulation; decreased enzyme activity is associated with increased motility. This review summarizes the current knowledge of this sperm protein phosphatase. The biochemical properties of its regulatory proteins, sds22 and protein 14-3-3, among others, are discussed. Future studies will elucidate sperm signalling pathways involving PP1gamma2 and determine if the unique structure of PP1gamma2 is critical to normal male gamete development and function. Understanding the role of PP1gamma2 will not only contribute to the basic understanding of male gamete functions but also has practical applications in clinical andrology and in the development of male contraceptives.