Thermophysical properties of lead and lead–bismuth eutectic
Thermophysical properties of lead and lead–bismuth eutectic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.01.144
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发表时间：
2007-05
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
V. Sobolev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Sobolev
在各种重金属中，铅（Pb）和铅铋共晶（Pb-Bi）由于其良好的中子特性和热特性，目前被认为是中子源和加速驱动系统液态溅射靶以及新一代快堆冷却剂的潜在候选者。到目前为止，有关铅合金性能的公开数据仍然有限，并且不同来源给出的值之间存在显著差异。这项工作是一个重要的审查旧的和新的数据报告的主要热物理性质的熔融铅和铅铋：特征温度，熔化和蒸发潜热，表面张力，密度，热容量，粘度，导电性和导热性的公开文献。总的来说，数据的可靠性是令人满意的，但饱和蒸汽压、声速、热容和热导率仍存在很大的不确定性。Pb和Pb-Bi的临界参数还没有很好地确定，这阻碍了这些冷却剂的状态方程的发展。在基本物理模型和“最佳拟合”方法的基础上建立的相关性可用于工程估算和设计计算。
Among different heavy liquid metals, lead (Pb) and lead–bismuth eutectic (Pb–Bi) are considered at present as the potential candidates for the liquid spallation targets of neutron sources and accelerated driven systems and for the coolant of new generation fast reactors due to their very good neutron and thermal features. Up to now, the published data on the properties of the lead alloys of interest are still limited and significant discrepancies exist between the values given by different sources. This work is a critical review of old and new data reported in the open literature on the main thermo-physical properties of the molten Pb and Pb–Bi: characteristic temperatures, latent heats of melting and evaporation, surface tension, density, heat capacity, viscosity, electric and thermal conductivity. In general, the reliability of data is satisfactory, however, a large uncertainty still exists in the saturation vapour pressure, sound velocity, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. The critical parameters of Pb and Pb–Bi are not well defined yet, and this hinder the development of the equations of state for these coolants. The correlations developed on the basis of the fundamental physical models and the ‘best fit’ approach are proposed for engineering estimations and design calculations.